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Evidence of Microplastics in Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid among Never-Smokers: A Prospective Case Series

Environmental Science & Technology 2023 76 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 55 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Lan Qiu, Wenfeng Lu, Changli Tu, Xiaoliang Li, Xiaoliang Li, Han Zhang, Shuguang Wang, Meizhu Chen, Xiaobin Zheng, Zhenguo Wang, Minmin Lin, Yuemei Zhang, Chenghui Zhong, Saifeng Li, Yuewei Liu, Jing Liu, Yun Zhou

Summary

Researchers conducted a prospective case series examining bronchoalveolar lavage fluid from 18 never-smokers in China using laser direct infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. The study found evidence of microplastic deposition in the respiratory tract, suggesting that inhaled microplastics can accumulate in the lungs even among people who have never smoked.

Body Systems

Microplastics (MPs) are abundant in air, but evidence of their deposition in the respiratory tract is limited. We conducted a prospective case series to investigate the deposition of microplastics in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and determine the internal dose of MPs via inhalation. Eighteen never-smokers aged 32-74 years who underwent fiberoptic bronchoscopy with BALF were recruited from Zhuhai, China. Control samples were obtained by performing the same procedure using isotonic saline instead of BALF. Laser direct infrared spectroscopy combined with scanning electron microscopy detected the presence and characteristics of MPs and quantitatively analyzed the microplastic in BALF and control samples. Concentrations of total and specific MPs in BALF and control samples were compared using the Wilcox test. Thirteen types of MPs were observed in 18 BALF samples. Polyethylene (PE, 86.1%) was the most abundant in BALF, followed by poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET, 7.5%) and polypropylene (PP, 1.9%). Compared with the control samples, BALF had significantly higher concentrations of PE (median [IQR] of BALF: 0.38 [8.05] N/g), PET (0.26 [0.54] N/g), polyurethane (0.16 [0.24] N/g), PP (0.16 [0.11] N/g), and total MPs (0.91 [6.58] N/g). The presence of MPs in BALF provides novel evidence that MPs penetrate deep into the respiratory tract.

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