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Occurrence and risk assessment of microplastics in the Lhasa River—a remote plateau river on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China
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Researchers investigated microplastic pollution in the Lhasa River on the remote Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, finding microplastics in both surface water (0.63 particles per liter) and shore sediments (0.37 particles per gram). Films and fibers were the dominant shapes, with polypropylene and polyethylene being the most common polymer types, and PVC contributing to elevated risk levels. The study reveals that even remote plateau rivers with limited human activity are contaminated by microplastics, raising concerns about their vulnerable ecosystems.
Microplastics (MPs) are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment and have received widespread attention worldwide as emerging pollutants. Urbanization and anthropogenic activities are the main sources of MPs in rivers; however, the MPs in plateau rivers with less human activities are not well understood. In this study, the pollution of MPs in the surface water and shore sediment of the Lhasa River from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau was investigated, and a risk assessment was conducted. The abundance of MPs in the surface water and shore sediment of Lhasa River were 0.63 n/L and 0.37 n/g, respectively. MPs in surface water were mainly dominated by films (43.23%) and fibers (31.12%) in shape, transparent (54.25%) in color, and 0-0.5 mm (75.83%) in size, while MPs in the shore sediment were mainly fibers (43.69%) and fragments (36.53%), transparent (71.91%), and 0-0.5 mm (60.18%). PP and PE were the predominant polymer types, accounting for 44.55% and 30.79% respectively in the surface water and 32.51% and 36.01% respectively in the shore sediment. More notably, the polymer pollution index (H) of MPs in the Lhasa River was at hazard level III due to the high risk caused by PVC, but the pollution load index (PLI) was low at hazard level I. This study reveals that the remote river in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau are polluted by MPs, and their potential risks to the vulnerable ecosystem deserve attention.
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