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Microplastics in facial cleanser: extraction, identification, potential toxicity, and continuous-flow removal using agricultural waste–based biochar

Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2023 25 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 55 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

Muhammad Adli Hanif, Muhammad Adli Hanif, Muhammad Adli Hanif, Muhammad Adli Hanif, Muhammad Adli Hanif, Muhammad Adli Hanif, Naimah Ibrahim, Naimah Ibrahim, Naimah Ibrahim, Naimah Ibrahim, Aishah Abdul Jalil Aishah Abdul Jalil Naimah Ibrahim, Farrah Aini Dahalan, Aishah Abdul Jalil Naimah Ibrahim, Farrah Aini Dahalan, Muhammad Adli Hanif, Farrah Aini Dahalan, Farrah Aini Dahalan, Farrah Aini Dahalan, Masitah Hasan, Umi Fazara Md Ali, Umi Fazara Md Ali, Umi Fazara Md Ali, Umi Fazara Md Ali, Masitah Hasan, Aishah Abdul Jalil Farrah Aini Dahalan, Masitah Hasan, Masitah Hasan, Farrah Aini Dahalan, Aishah Abdul Jalil Umi Fazara Md Ali, Azhari Ayu Wazira, Aishah Abdul Jalil Masitah Hasan, Naimah Ibrahim, Aishah Abdul Jalil Aishah Abdul Jalil Aishah Abdul Jalil Naimah Ibrahim, Aishah Abdul Jalil

Summary

Researchers extracted and identified polyethylene microbeads from a commercial facial cleanser, then tested whether these particles could carry toxic dyes. The microplastics readily adsorbed both methylene blue and methyl orange dye from water, confirming their potential to act as pollutant carriers. The study also demonstrated that biochar made from agricultural waste could effectively remove these microplastics from water in a continuous-flow system.

Polymers

Study Type Environmental

Microplastic (MP) is an emerging contaminant of concern due to its ubiquitous quantity in the environment, small size, and potential toxicity due to strong affinity towards other contaminants. In this work, MP particles (5-300 μm) were extracted from a commercial facial cleanser and determined to be irregular polyethylene (PE) microbeads based on characterization with field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The potential of extracted MP acting as toxic pollutants' vector was analyzed via adsorption of methylene blue and methyl orange dye where significant dye uptake was observed. Synthetic wastewater containing the extracted MP was subjected to a continuous-flow column study using palm kernel shell and coconut shell biochar as the filter/adsorbent media. The prepared biochar was characterized via proximate and ultimate analysis, FESEM, contact angle measurement, atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy to investigate the role of the biochar properties in MP removal. MP removal performance was determined by measuring the turbidity and weighing the dry mass of particles remaining in the effluent following treatment. Promising results were obtained from the study with highest removal of MP (96.65%) attained through palm kernel shell biochar with particle size of 0.6-1.18 mm and continuous-flow column size of 20 mm.

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