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Trophic transfer of DDE, BP-3 and chlorpyrifos from microplastics to tissues in Dicentrarchus labrax
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Researchers demonstrated trophic transfer of DDE, BP-3, and chlorpyrifos from contaminated microplastics to European sea bass tissues, providing evidence that microplastics serve as vectors for chemical contaminant bioaccumulation through the food chain.
Microplastic pollution and associated chemical contaminants is a topic of growing interest. In recent years, the number of publications reporting the presence of microplastics (MPs) in marine organisms has increased exponentially. However, there is a gap in knowledge about the trophic transfer of contaminants from microplastics to animal tissues, as well as possible health effects. In this study we analyzed the trophic transfer and biomagnification of three chemical pollutants present in microplastics: dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (DDE-p,p'), benzophenone 3 (BP-3) and chlorpyrifos (CPS). The reference values used were concentrations found in environmental microplastics in the Canary Islands (minimum and maximum). European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax) were fed for 60 days with 5 different treatments: A) feed; B) feed with chemical pollutants at maximum concentration; C) feed + 10 % virgin MPs; D) feed + 10 % MPs with chemical pollutants at minimum concentration; E) feed + 10 % MPs with chemical pollutants at maximum concentration. We detected trophic transfer of DDE-p,p', CPS and BP-3 from the feed (treatment B) to the muscle and liver of fish. In the case of DDE-p,p', transfer to liver and muscle was also observed in the treatments consisting of feed plus plastics with different levels of contamination (C, D and E). No effect of the experimental treatments on fish condition indices was observed.
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Researchers designed a feeding experiment to determine whether chemical contaminants from environmental microplastics undergo trophic transfer to the liver of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), testing two feeding treatments with realistic microplastic concentrations to evaluate bioaccumulation risk.
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This paper reviews how microplastics may facilitate the biomagnification of persistent, bioaccumulative, and toxic (PBT) chemicals in marine food webs, given that plastic particles can adsorb and concentrate pollutants. The work highlights microplastics as a potential new vector for introducing toxic chemicals into marine organisms and up through the food chain.
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