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Polyethylene mulch film-derived microplastics enhance the bioaccumulation of atrazine in two earthworm species (Eisenia fetida and Metaphire guillelmi) via carrier effects
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Researchers found that polyethylene mulch film-derived microplastics enhanced atrazine bioaccumulation in two earthworm species through carrier effects, with farmland residual microplastics showing stronger bioconcentration than unused film fragments.
Microplastics (MPs) may significantly affect the bioavailability of coexisting pollutants in soil by adsorption-desorption behavior. However, the mechanisms underlying these interaction remain unclear. Herein, the influence of unused polythylene mulch film-derived MPs (MFMPs) and farmland residual polyethylene mulch film-derived MPs (MFMPs-aged) on the adsorption-desorption behavior and bioavailability of atrazine (ATZ) in soil were investigated. The adsorption kinetics and the adsorption isotherms of ATZ on soil, MFMPs, and MFMPs-aged fitted well by the pseudo-second-order model and the Langmuir model, respectively. ATZ were easier to desorb from soil, MFMPs, and MFMPs-aged in the simulated earthworm digestive fluid than that in the CaCl solution. The adsorption and desorption capacities of MFMPs and MFMPs-aged for ATZ were higher than those of soil, especially for MFMPs-aged. The existence of MPs in soil strengthened the adsorption and desorption capacities of ATZ, and the strengthened effects were promoted by the addition amount and aging process of MPs. Moreover, the occurrence of MPs significantly increased the bioaccumulation of ATZ in earthworms, especially for MFMPs-aged. This study deepens the knowledge of the interaction mechanisms of mulch film-derived MPs and pesticide pollution.
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This study assessed the potential of microplastics to act as sources and carriers of pesticides to earthworms in agricultural soils. The findings raise concerns about how soil-dwelling organisms may be exposed to pesticide contamination through microplastic ingestion, with implications for soil health and food chain contamination.
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Researchers investigated whether microplastics act as vectors for hydrophobic organic contaminant (HOC) bioaccumulation in earthworms, testing two scenarios with polyethylene particles of different sizes and polychlorinated biphenyls in soil. Results showed that clean microplastics in contaminated soil reduced HOC bioaccumulation, while smaller precontaminated microplastics enhanced transfer of PCBs to earthworms, demonstrating that particle size and prior contamination status are critical factors.
Combined effects of mulch film-derived microplastics and atrazine on oxidative stress and gene expression in earthworm (Eisenia fetida)
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Researchers examined the combined effects of mulch film-derived microplastics and the pesticide atrazine on earthworms over 28 days. They found that co-exposure caused greater oxidative stress than either pollutant alone, with aged microplastics from farmland residues producing more severe effects than unused film-derived particles. The study suggests that agricultural soils contaminated with both degraded mulch film microplastics and pesticides may pose compounding toxic risks to soil organisms.
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