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Chemical toxicity screening of tire particle leachates from vehicles and their effects on organisms across three trophic levels
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Researchers prepared leachates from bicycle, car, and electric scooter tire particles and tested toxicity across three organisms, finding that zinc and benzothiazole were the primary toxic compounds and that tire particle leachates caused growth inhibition in plants, mortality in water fleas, and developmental abnormalities in zebrafish.
Tire particles (TPs) generated on roads are a main contributor to microplastic environmental pollution. In this study, TP leachates from three vehicle types (bicycle, car, and electric scooter) were prepared. TP leachate toxicity impacts on three organisms (Vigna radiata, Daphnia magna, and Danio rerio) were analyzed, in addition to their chemical compositions. Zinc and benzothiazole were the most commonly detected compounds in all three leachate types. Growth inhibition of V. radiata, mortality of D. magna, and abnormality in D. rerio were observed as toxicological impacts. Overall, the lethal effects of TP leachates showed a significant, positive relationship with zinc and benzothiazole concentration. The results confirmed that TPs are complex contaminants, which release chemicals into the environment that affect both soil and aquatic organisms. These findings highlight the need for stricter control measures and environmental regulations to mitigate the ecotoxic effects of TPs and related contaminants across ecosystems and trophic levels.
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Comparative toxicity of tire wear particle leachates: Zinc as a key toxicant affecting development and motility in zebrafish larvae
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Researchers compared the toxicity of leachates from tire wear particles with different treadwear grades on zebrafish larvae, finding that zinc was the primary toxicant responsible for developmental impairment and reduced motility across all treadwear grades tested.
Toxicity of micro and nano tire particles and leachate for model freshwater organisms
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Researchers tested the toxicity of micro- and nano-sized tire particles and their chemical leachates on zebrafish embryos and water fleas, two commonly used model organisms. They found that nano-sized tire particles were more toxic than micro-sized ones, and that the chemical leachate alone also caused significant developmental harm to zebrafish. The study demonstrates that tire debris poses a meaningful environmental risk to freshwater organisms through both direct particle exposure and the release of harmful chemicals.
Cocktail effects of tire wear particles leachates on diverse biological models: A multilevel analysis
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Tire wear particles, a major but underappreciated source of microplastic pollution, leached chemicals into seawater that inhibited algae growth, caused developmental problems in zebrafish embryos, and showed hormone-disrupting effects in cell tests. The study found that water-soluble organic compounds from tires -- not just heavy metals like zinc -- were the primary drivers of toxicity, underscoring the need for better regulation of tire additives.
Toxicity of tire wear particles and the leachates to microorganisms in marine sediments
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Researchers investigated the toxicity of tire wear particles and their chemical leachates on bacteria in marine sediments. The study found that aged tire wear particles were more toxic than pristine ones, and that leachates were even more harmful than the particles themselves, with zinc identified as the primary toxicity-causing substance.
Acute toxicity of tire wear particles and leachate to Daphnia magna
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Researchers tested the acute toxicity of tire wear particles and their chemical leachates on the freshwater organism Daphnia magna. They found that zinc and pyrene were the most abundant contaminants in the leachate, and that both the particles and their leachates caused significant immobilization and mortality. The study indicates that tire wear particles, increasingly recognized as a form of microplastic pollution, pose a real threat to freshwater aquatic life.
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