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Toxicity of tire wear particles and the leachates to microorganisms in marine sediments
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Researchers investigated the toxicity of tire wear particles and their chemical leachates on bacteria in marine sediments. The study found that aged tire wear particles were more toxic than pristine ones, and that leachates were even more harmful than the particles themselves, with zinc identified as the primary toxicity-causing substance.
Tire wear particles (TWPs), which are among the microplastic pollutants in the environment, can inevitably accumulate in coastal sediments. The present study comprehensively investigated the effect of pristine TWPs on bacterial community structure in coastal sediments and compared the effect of pristine TWPs and aged TWPs on nine strains of bacteria in sediments. In addition, the effect of the TWP leachate was studied with all the nine bacterial strains and the toxicity-causing substances in the leachate was investigated using Bacillus subtilis. Exposure to TWPs could lead to a shift in bacteria community and affect nitrogen metabolism in marine sediments. Aged TWPs were more toxic than pristine TWPs due to changes in particle surface characteristics. The leachate exhibited greater toxicity than TWPs as well, and Zn was identified to be the major toxicity-causing substance. The overall results of this study are important for understanding the effects of TWPs and the leachates on microorganisms in marine sediments.
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Acute toxicity of tire wear particles, leachates and toxicity identification evaluation of leachates to the marine copepod, Tigriopus japonicus
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Researchers tested the toxicity of tire wear particles and their chemical leachates on a marine copepod species and found that both caused significant harm at measurable concentrations. They used toxicity identification methods to determine that metals, specifically zinc, were the primary toxic component in the leachate. The findings highlight that tire wear particles are a concerning source of microplastic and chemical pollution in coastal marine environments.
Lethal effect of leachates from tyre wear particles on marine copepods
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Researchers tested the toxicity of chemical leachates from tire wear particles on five species of marine copepods, tiny crustaceans that are essential to ocean food webs. They found that all species experienced lethal effects, with some being far more sensitive than others, and identified zinc as a key toxic component. The study suggests that the chemicals leaching from tire wear particles in marine environments pose a serious threat to small but ecologically critical organisms.
Acute toxicity of tire wear particles and leachate to Daphnia magna
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Researchers tested the acute toxicity of tire wear particles and their chemical leachates on the freshwater organism Daphnia magna. They found that zinc and pyrene were the most abundant contaminants in the leachate, and that both the particles and their leachates caused significant immobilization and mortality. The study indicates that tire wear particles, increasingly recognized as a form of microplastic pollution, pose a real threat to freshwater aquatic life.
Comparative toxicity of tire wear particle leachates: Zinc as a key toxicant affecting development and motility in zebrafish larvae
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Researchers compared the toxicity of leachates from tire wear particles with different treadwear grades on zebrafish larvae, finding that zinc was the primary toxicant responsible for developmental impairment and reduced motility across all treadwear grades tested.
Toxicity of tire particle leachates on early life stages of keystone sea urchin species
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Chemical leachates from tire particles caused developmental abnormalities, stunted growth, and death in the larvae of three species of sea urchins, which are important species in marine ecosystems. The toxic effects were strongly dose-dependent, and zinc along with other metals and organic chemicals were identified as likely culprits. Since tire particles are one of the largest sources of microplastic pollution, this study highlights how the chemicals they release can harm marine life at the base of the food web.
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