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Investigation of properties of mineral, chemical and vegetable fibers
Summary
This study compared the physical properties of various mineral, chemical, and vegetable fibers including their microplastic shedding characteristics. Understanding fiber properties helps identify which synthetic textile fibers are most likely to shed microplastics during use and washing.
Comparative tests have been carried out under the same conditions of fibers: mineral (basalt, glass), carbon, chemical (polycaproamide, polyacrylonitrile, viscose fiber) and vegetable (bast fibers of flax, hemp, nettle). The diameter of the monofilament, linear density, breaking load of the roving (fiber bundle) and microplastics, specific breaking load and gain factor were evaluated. Glass and basalt fibers have the highest linear density 1200—2500 tex, carbon fibers — 378, chemical fibers — 183 tex (except PAN — 826 tex), bast vegetable fibers have 440—630 tex. The specific breaking load for glass roving and basalt roving is comparable: 240—264 mN / tex, for carbon — the highest is 597 mN / tex, the gain factor is 2—2.25. For chemical fibers, the specific breaking load is 282—323 mN / tex (for viscose 92 mN / tex), the gain factor is 0.5—0.9. Concerning vegetable fibers, the highest breaking load of flax and hemp fibers is 93—102 mN / tex, exceeds the viscose fiber, the gain factor is 1.6 for hemp and 4.39 for flax. Nettle fibers have the lowest results among plant fibers.