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A study on estimating economic benefits of government R&D programs for microplastic management
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This Korean study used contingent valuation to estimate the economic benefits of government R&D programs for managing microplastic pollution, finding public willingness to pay for effective solutions. Quantifying the economic value of microplastic management supports investment decisions for public health and environmental programs.
최근 플라스틱 사용량이 폭발적으로 증가할 뿐만 아니라 폐플라스틱이 제대로 처리되지 않고 생태계에 잔류하면서 전 세계적으로 미세플라스틱이 환경 위협요인으로 급부상하고 있다. 이에 정부는 전주기적인 미세플라스틱 관리를 위한 기술개발사업을 추진하고 있으며, 이러한 신규 R&D사업을 추진하기 위해서는 미세플라스틱 관리 분야의 특성에 적합한 경제적 편익 추정을 통해 사업 추진의 타당성을 확보하는 것이 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 비시장재화의 가치 추정에 적합한 조건부가치측정법을 적용하여 미세플라스틱 관리 분야 R&D 사업이 시행되었을 때 발생하는 경제적 편익을 정량적으로 측정하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 미세플라스틱에 대한 인식 및 태도를 조사한 결과, 미세플라스틱 문제에 대한 인지도와 관심도는 보통 이상이며, 환경 피해 및 건강 피해의 심각성에 대한 우려도 높은 수준으로 나타났다. 예비타당성조사 CVM 가이드라인에 따라 미세플라스틱 관리를 위한 R&D사업의 경제적 가치를 추정한 결과, 지불의향이 있는 가구당 WTP는 7,974원으로 도출되었으며 지불기간을 반영한 총 경제적 가치는 약 5,472억 원(2022년 말 기준 현재가치)으로 산정되었다. 본 연구의 결과는 환경 분야 R&D사업의 편익을 추정하거나 환경 정책을 수립하는 과정에서 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다.
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