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Modified nano zero-valent iron reduce toxicity of polystyrene microplastics to ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.)
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Researchers found that modified nano zero-valent iron particles can reduce the harmful effects of polystyrene microplastics on ryegrass growth. The microplastics alone caused significant declines in shoot weight and root length, but adding sulfidated or cellulose-modified iron nanoparticles to the soil helped alleviate these toxic effects. The study suggests that engineered nanomaterials could serve as a potential remediation strategy for microplastic-contaminated soils.
Microplastics pollution in environments has become a major concern and it has been proven to have adverse impacts on plants, so there is an urgent to find approaches to alleviate the detrimental effects of microplastics. In our study, we investigated the influence of polystyrene microplastics (PSMPs) on the growth, photosynthesis, and oxidative defense system changes of ryegrass, as well as the behavior of MPs at roots. Then three types of nanomaterials were applied to alleviate the adverse impact of PSMPs on ryegrass, which were nano zero-valent iron (nZVI), carboxymethylcellulose-modified-nZVI (C-nZVI) and sulfidated nZVI (S-nZVI), respectively. Our results suggested that PSMPs had significant toxicity to ryegrass, leading to decrease of shoot weight, shoot length and root length. Three nanomaterials regained the weight of ryegrass to a varying extent and made more PSMPs aggregate near roots. In addition, C-nZVI and S-nZVI facilitated the entrance of PSMPs into the root and promoted the chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents in leaves. Analysis of antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde content indicated that ryegrass coped well with the internalization of PSMPs, and all three types of nZVI could alleviate PSMPs-stress in ryegrass. This study elaborates the toxicity of MPs on plants and provides a novel insight into the fixing of MPs by plants and nanomaterials in environments, which needs to be further explored in future research.
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Nano-Iron Oxide (Fe3O4) Mitigates the Effects of Microplastics on a Ryegrass Soil–Microbe–Plant System
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This study tested whether nano-iron oxide particles could reduce the harmful effects of microplastics on ryegrass, soil health, and soil microbes. The researchers found that adding nano-iron oxide alongside microplastic-contaminated soil helped restore plant growth and beneficial microbial activity. This suggests that certain nanomaterials could potentially be used to counteract microplastic damage in agricultural soils where our food is grown.
Presence of polystyrene microplastics in Cd contaminated water promotes Cd removal by nano zero-valent iron and ryegrass (Lolium Perenne L.)
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Researchers investigated how polystyrene microplastics affect cadmium removal from water by ryegrass combined with nano zero-valent iron variants, finding that microplastics facilitated uptake of both microplastics and cadmium into plant roots in some treatment combinations. Plants that internalized microplastics contained more cadmium across all nano zero-valent iron treatments, suggesting microplastics can enhance cadmium accumulation in phytoremediation systems.
Carboxymethylcellulose-modified nano-zero-valent iron (C-nZVI) promotes ryegrass phytoremediation of cadmium in sediments co-contaminated with multiple microplastics: Mechanisms revealed by PLS-PM
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A study found that applying carboxymethylcellulose-modified nano-zero-valent iron (C-nZVI) to soils co-contaminated with cadmium and six types of microplastics significantly boosted ryegrass growth and cadmium uptake while stabilising the metal in a less bioavailable form in the sediment. The results suggest C-nZVI could help rehabilitate agricultural soils facing the increasingly common problem of simultaneous microplastic and heavy-metal pollution.
Polyethylene microplastic: impacts on ryegrass seed germination and seedling development
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Researchers grew perennial ryegrass in hydroponic solution with polyethylene microplastics at six concentrations and three particle sizes (200 nm, 25 µm, 200 µm) and found that the smallest nanoparticles at the highest concentrations caused the greatest inhibition of germination, root growth, and seedling biomass.
Heavy metal remediation by nano zero-valent iron in the presence of microplastics in groundwater: Inhibition and induced promotion on aging effects
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Researchers found that microplastics in groundwater significantly influenced the performance of nano zero-valent iron used for heavy metal remediation, with some microplastic types inhibiting and others promoting the aging and reactivity of the nanomaterial depending on polymer type and concentration.
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