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Spatial distribution and historical trend of microplastic pollution in sediments from enclosed bays of South Korea
Summary
Researchers analyzed microplastic pollution in seafloor sediments from enclosed bays in South Korea, comparing urban, aquaculture, and conservation sites. Urban areas showed the highest contamination with the most diverse polymer types, while aquaculture sites were dominated by expanded polystyrene from fishing equipment. Analysis of sediment cores revealed that microplastic pollution has been steadily increasing over time, with historical trends correlating to industrialization patterns.
Seafloor sediments are an important sink for microplastics (MPs), and the vertical profile of MP accumulation in a sediment core represents historical pollution trends. In this study, MP (20-5000 μm) pollution in surface sediments of urban, aquaculture, and environmental preservation sites in South Korea was evaluated, and the historical trend was investigated using age-dated core sediments from the urban and aquaculture sites. The abundance of MPs ranked in the order of urban, aquaculture, and environmental preservation sites. Polymer types were more diverse at the urban site compared to other sites, and expanded polystyrene was dominant in the aquaculture site. An increase in MP pollution and polymer types was observed from bottom to top of cores, and historical trends of MP pollution reflect local influences. Our results indicate that the characteristics of MPs are determined by human activities, and MP pollution should be addressed according to the characteristics of each site.