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Environmental Pollutants: Micro and Nanoplastics in Immunity and Respiratory Infections
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Microplastics and Respiratory Health
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This review paper looks at what scientists currently know about tiny plastic particles (microplastics) in the air we breathe and how they might affect our lungs. The research suggests these particles, which come from things like synthetic clothing, packaging, and car tires, can be inhaled deep into our lungs and may contribute to inflammation and other breathing problems, though more research is still needed to fully understand the risks. This matters because microplastics are now essentially everywhere in our environment, so understanding their health effects could help guide future safety guidelines and personal choices.
Health Implications of Microplastic Pollution in Air and Water
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Researchers review how microplastics in air and water expose humans through inhalation, ingestion, and skin contact, linking airborne particles to respiratory inflammation and lung disease risk, while ingested particles may disrupt gut microbiota, translocate to organs, carry toxic co-pollutants, and cause hormonal disruptions — with pregnant women and children at heightened risk.
Impact of Micro-nanoplastics on Gut and Immune Function
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This review examined how micro- and nanoplastics disrupt gut microbiota and immune function across aquatic and terrestrial vertebrates, with implications for human health. Because the gut microbiome governs immune regulation and metabolic health, microplastic-induced dysbiosis represents a plausible mechanism by which plastic ingestion could drive systemic inflammation and disease beyond the GI tract.
Causal relationship between micro- and nanoplastics and lung function
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Researchers quantified micro- and nanoplastic levels in whole blood from young adults using pyrolysis GC-MS and measured lung function by spirometry, analyzing the causal relationship between circulating plastic particle burden and forced expiratory volume and vital capacity outcomes.
The Potential Human Impacts of Environmental Contamination by Microplastics and Nanoplastics: A Review
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Researchers reviewed human health consequences of environmental micro- and nanoplastic contamination, noting that while detection in human tissues is growing, the extent of biological harm remains poorly characterized and requires more systematic study of exposure routes and dose-response relationships.
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