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Full stage networks with auxiliary focal loss and multi-attention module for submarine garbage object detection

Scientific Reports 2023 9 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 40 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Hui Zheng, Xinwei Guo, Guo Gui-hai, Yizhi Cao, Xinglei Hu, Pujie Yue

Summary

Researchers developed a new AI-based detection system using modified YOLO neural networks to identify and locate garbage objects on the seafloor in complex underwater images. The system uses multi-scale feature extraction and a specialized loss function to accurately detect small and deformed debris items, supporting robotic clean-up efforts in marine environments.

Submarine garbage is constantly destroying the marine ecological environment and polluting the ocean. It is critical to use detection methods to quickly locate and identify submarine garbage. The background of submarine garbage images is much more complex than that of natural scene images, with object deformation and missing contours putting higher demands on the detection network. To solve the problem of low accuracy under complex backgrounds, full stage networks with auxiliary focal loss and multi-attention module are proposed for submarine garbage object detection based on YOLO. To maximize the gradient combination, a hierarchical fusion feature mechanism and a segmentation and merging strategy are used in this paper to optimize the difference in gradient combination to obtain full-stage features. Then the criss-cross attention module is used to precisely extract multi-scale features of small object dense regions while removing noise information from complex backgrounds. Finally, the auxiliary focal loss function addresses the issue of unbalanced positive and negative samples, focusing on the learning of difficult samples while improving overall detection precision. Based on comparative experiments and ablation experiments, the FSA networks achieved state-of-the-art performance, and is applicable to the real-time object detection of submarine garbage in complex backgrounds.

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