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Assessing stress responses in potherb mustard (Brassica juncea var. multiceps) exposed to a synergy of microplastics and cadmium: Insights from physiology, oxidative damage, and metabolomics
The Science of The Total Environment2023
59 citations
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Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count.
Score: 60
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0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Researchers found that microplastics in soil increased the amount of cadmium, a toxic heavy metal, that mustard green plants absorbed, while also reducing crop yields and photosynthesis. Higher concentrations of microplastics made more cadmium available in the soil, leading to greater accumulation of the metal in the plants. This raises food safety concerns because vegetables grown in microplastic-contaminated soil could contain higher levels of toxic metals that are harmful to human health.
Both microplastics (MPs) and cadmium (Cd) are common contaminants in farmland systems, is crucial for assessing their risks for human health and environment, and little research has focused on stress responses mechanisms of crops exposed to the combined pollution. The present study investigated the impact of polyethylene (PE) and polypropylene (PP) microplastics (MPs), in combination with Cd, on the physiological and metabolomic changes as well as rhizosphere soil of potherb mustard. Elevated levels of PEMPs and PPMPs were found to impede nutrient uptake in plants while promoting premature flowering, and the concomitant effect is lower crop yields. The substantial improvement in Cd bioavailability facilitated by MPs in rhizosphere soil, especially in high concentrations of MPs, then elevated bioavailability of Cd contributed to promoted Cd accumulation in plants, with distinct effects depending on the type and concentration of MPs. The presence of MPs Combined exposure to high concentrations of MPs and Cd resulted in alterations in plant physiology and metabolomics, including decreased biomass and photosynthetic parameters, elevated levels of reactive oxygen species primarily HO, increased antioxidant enzyme activities, and modifications in metabolite profiles. Overall, our study assessed the potential impact on food security (the availability of cadmium to plant) and crops stress responses regarding the contamination of MPs and Cd, providing new insights for future risk assessment in agriculture.