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Culturomics and Amplicon-Based Metagenomic Insights into the Bacteria of Soils with High Yield of Oryza sativa L. subsp. Japonica
Summary
Researchers used culturomics and amplicon-based metagenomics to characterise bacterial communities in rhizosphere and bulk soils of high-yield Oryza sativa japonica paddy fields, identifying the microorganisms contributing to rice growth adaptability. The combined approach revealed the taxonomic composition and functional potential of the bacterial community in the paddy field agroecosystem.
The bacterial community in the paddy field agroecosystem has a pivotal role in the growth adaptability strategy of rice. Here, we studied the bacterial community structure composition of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil samples from super rice in high-yield (920.99 kg/mu) and low-yield (785.30 kg/mu) fields of Japonica Chu 54 using both culturomics and amplicon-based metagenomics approaches. Using amplicon sequencing, a total of 54 phyla and 1167 genera of high-yield field bacteria were detected, while the low-yield field bacteria were distributed in 49 phyla and 865 genera. In addition, compared with low-yielding fields, there were significant differences in the composition and abundance of the same members in high-yielding fields. The node microorganisms in high-yield and low-yield fields were Anaeromyxobacterium and HSB_OF53-F07, respectively. Culturomics analysis unveiled a diverse array of bacterial taxa, encompassing four phyla, 113 genera, and 331 species, including 33 new undescribed lineages. The culturomics and high-throughput sequencing results indicate a widely adapted and highly abundant group of Exiguobacterium, which has broad prospects for application due to its extensive survival characteristics and plant growth-promoting functions. In summary, we analyze the bacterial community structure composition of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil samples from super rice in high-yield and low-yield fields of Japonica Chu 54 using culturomics and amplicon sequencing techniques to better develop positive promotion strategies that adapt to its unique ecological environment.
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