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Nanoplastics in Environment
Summary
This book chapter provides an overview of nanoplastics in the environment, covering their sources, characterization, identification methods, and ecotoxicological risks. Nanoplastics — below 100 nm in size — are increasingly detected in air, water, soil, and food, raising significant concerns about their potential to cross biological barriers in the human body.
In this chapter, we enlighten the environmental risk, occurrence, characterization, and identification of nanoplastics in environment. Nanoplastics are inextricably released into the environment by terrestrial and land-based sources, particularly runoff, and can be found in the majority of commonly used items (primary microplastics) or created by the fragmentation of larger plastics (secondary microplastics). Their presence in the air, soil, water, and food can result in ecotoxicological problems and pose a threat to the ecosystem because they are not biodegradable and are incompatible with living things. Nanoplastics are able to easily contaminate wastewater treatment procedures due to their small size and varied chemical composition.