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Karakteristik Mikroplastik pada Ikan Kakatua Anglu (Chlorurus sordidus) dan Ikan Kurisi Sirip Pucat (Nemipterus thosaporni) di Perairan Teluk Jakarta
Summary
Microplastics were found in the gastrointestinal tracts of two fish species with different feeding habits caught in Jakarta Bay, Indonesia, with both herbivorous parrotfish and carnivorous threadfin bream affected. The findings indicate that microplastic ingestion in Jakarta Bay fisheries is widespread across the food chain, with implications for seafood safety in the region.
ABSTRAK Pencemaran laut oleh plastik saat ini menjadi ancaman penting karena meningkat secara signifikan hingga mencapai 47-85% setiap tahunnya. Sampah plastik dapat terfragmentasi menjadi lebih kecil atau disebut mikroplastik yang mempunyai ukuran <5 mm. Permasalahan mikroplastik juga banyak ditemukan di Indonesia, salah satunya adalah perairan Teluk Jakarta sebagai sumber perikanan demersal. Jenis ikan demersal yang mempunyai nilai ekonomi tinggi antara lain ikan kakaktua anglu (Chlorurus sordidus) yang merupakan ikan herbivora dan ikan kurisi sirip pucat (Nemipterus thosaporni) yang merupakan ikan omnivora. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi karakteristik mikroplastik pada insang, gastrointestinal, dan daging pada dua ikan tersebut. Karakteristik mikroplastik diamati menggunakan mikroskop stereo dengan bantuan OptiLab. Kelimpahan mikroplastik pada 10 ekor ikan kakatua anglu sebesar 132,75 partikel/gram pada insang, 146,4 partikel/gram pada gastrointestinal, dan 32,2 partikel/gram pada daging. Pada 10 ekor ikan kurisi sirip pucat terdapat 120,5 partikel mikroplastik/gram pada insang, 219,75 partikel/gram pada gastrointestinal, dan 27,7 partikel/gram pada daging. Bentuk yang dominan pada ketiga organ dari kedua jenis ikan adalah bentuk fragmen dan warna yang dominan adalah hitam. Kata Kunci : Daging, Insang, Gastrointestinal, Mikroplastik, Teluk Jakarta ABSTRACT Pollution in the sea by plastic is currently an important threat because it has increased significantly to reach 47-85% each year. Plastic waste can be fragmented into smaller pieces or called microplastics which have a size of <5 mm. Microplastic problems are also found in Indonesia, one of which is the Jakarta Bay waters as a source of demersal fishery. Demersal fish species that have high economic value include the anglu parrotfish (Chlorurus sordidus) which is a herbivorous fish and the palefin bream fish (Nemipterus thosaporni) which is an omnivore fish. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristics of microplastics in the gills, gastrointestinal, and flesh in different two species. The characteristics of microplastics were observed using a stereo microscope with the help of OptiLab. The abundance of microplastics in 10 anglu parrot fish was 132,75 particles/gram in the gills, 146,4 particles/gram in the gastrointestinal, and 32,2 particles/gram in the flesh. In 10 palefin bream fish, there were 120,5 microplastic particles/gram in the gills, 219,75 particles/gram in the gastrointestinal, and 27,7 particles/gram in the flesh. The dominant shape of the three organs of both species of fish is the fragment shape and the dominant color is black. Key words : Flesh, Gastrointestinal, Gill, Jakarta Bay, Microplastics
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