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Hydrodynamic Trajectory Model of Macro- and Microplastic Surfaces in the Deep Sea of the Haruku Strait Indonesia
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Researchers used field sampling and 2D hydrodynamic trajectory modeling to analyze the abundance and spatial movement of macro- and microplastics in the deep seawater column of the Haruku Strait, Central Moluccas, Indonesia. The study found that macroplastics were dominated by plastic bags and bottle fragments and used photomicroscope analysis to characterize microplastic composition and transport dynamics.
Marine plastic debris is a primary problem in most countries. The study aims to analyze the abundance and spatial trajectory of marine plastic debris using a new horizontal and vertical trajectory approach in the deep seawater column of the Haruku Strait, Central Moluccas, Indonesia. The methodology integrates macro- and microplastic field sample abundance, photomicroscope analysis, and 2D hydrodynamic trajectory modeling. The study revealed that the composition of macroplastics was 69% plastic bag or plastic item (17%), bottle and cup fragments, nylon fishing gear 8%, polystyrene blocs 3%, clothes and footwear 2%, and rubber 1%. The components of microplastics are plastic fragments (64%), fibers (33%), pallets (1%), and plastic films (2%). The essential finding is that the size range of microplastic is 100-500 µm out of the five size classes potentially swallowed by marine organisms. Macro and micro-plastics spread by a current speed of 0.1-1.3 m.s -1 with the north and southward trajectory pattern. Plastic debris mainly spreads in the shallow coastal high biodiversity area depth of 0-15m out of ten depth-class trajectories up to 204 m in the deep sea of 2,100 m at the Haruku Strait. The dominant microplastic color is bright blue (75%). This scientific problem-solving contribution can be used for public and government awareness regarding communal plastic waste disposal behavior and as a basis for planning, mitigation strategies, and policies. Keywords: hydrodynamics, microplastics, trajectory, Haruku Strait. https://doi.org/10.55463/issn.1674-2974.51.6.15
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