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Microplastics in the surface water of urban lakes in central Vietnam: Pollution level, characteristics, and ecological risk assessment
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Researchers surveyed seven urban lakes in central Vietnam and found moderate levels of microplastic contamination, with concentrations varying between dry and wet seasons. Fibers were the most common type of microplastic found, primarily made of polypropylene and PET, and ecological risk assessments indicated low to moderate risk levels for the lake ecosystems.
Information on microplastic pollution in lentic systems is scarce in many Asian countries, including Vietnam. This study investigated the status and characteristics of microplastic pollution in seven urban lakes in Da Nang City, Vietnam. The two surveys were conducted during the dry and wet seasons. The results showed that microplastic concentrations in the surface waters ranged from 293.3 ± 23.1–6510.0 ± 380.4 and 366.7 ± 23.1–1143.3 ± 110.2 items m−3 during the dry and wet seasons, respectively, which is considered a moderate microplastic abundance level in lakes globally. The predominance of fibers is a remarkable microplastics feature in all the surveyed lakes, in which most items were primarily polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and <2000 μm in length. The ecological risk assessment based on the pollution load index (PLI) and the potential ecological risk index (PERI) demonstrated that excepting the Ham Nghi Lake which approached a high risk level during the dry season, the risk level of most surveyed lakes in both seasons remained minor. However, their widespread distribution in lake environments remains a concern, requiring appropriate control measures.
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Researchers assessed microplastic pollution in surface water and sediments of Ba Be Lake, Vietnam, documenting MP concentrations, polymer types, and spatial distribution to characterize contamination levels and ecological risk in this protected freshwater lake ecosystem.
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Surface water surveys across three urban lakes in Hanoi found microplastics in all locations, with abundance highest in West Lake, which is surrounded by dense population, restaurants, and aquaculture activity. The findings confirm that urban lakes in developing Southeast Asian cities are significant microplastic repositories, with direct implications for the people who use these waters for recreation, fishing, and drinking water supply.
Microplastic concentrations in urban lake environments of Hanoi and rivers in Bac Ninh, Northern Vietnam, under COMPOSE (2019-2021) and CounterMEASUREII (2021-2022) projects
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Researchers measured microplastic concentrations in four lakes in Hanoi and two rivers in Bac Ninh province, Vietnam, as part of two international research projects spanning 2019-2022. Using a 80-micrometer mesh net, enzymatic digestion, and density separation, they characterized particle abundance, morphology, and size for fragments, fibers, and films. The study provides quantitative baseline data on microplastic contamination in urban freshwater environments in northern Vietnam.
Microplastics in the environment and biota in Vietnam: a review of occurrence, characteristics, sources, and risks
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Researchers synthesized 90 studies on microplastic pollution in Vietnam, finding contamination dominated by fibers and fragments linked to textiles, fisheries, and packaging, with urban and industrial hotspots exceeding global averages and elevated toxicological risks from PVC and PU in rural agricultural soils and coastal zones.
Distribution, Characteristics, and Ecological Risk Assessment of Microplastics and Heavy Metals in Surface Water at Hoa Binh Reservoir
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Researchers sampled surface water in Hoa Binh Reservoir, Vietnam, during rainy and dry seasons, finding microplastics at all sites with fiber-dominated assemblages, and documenting co-occurrence with heavy metals including chromium, manganese, and lead.
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