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The impact of gut microbial signals on hematopoietic stem cells and the bone marrow microenvironment
Summary
This review explores how gut bacteria influence the production and development of blood cells in the bone marrow by sending chemical signals through microbial byproducts. While not directly about microplastics, the research is highly relevant because microplastics are known to disrupt gut bacteria communities. If microplastics alter the gut microbiome, they could indirectly affect blood cell production and immune function through this gut-bone marrow connection.
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo self-renewal and differentiation in the bone marrow, which is tightly regulated by cues from the microenvironment. The gut microbiota, a dynamic community residing on the mucosal surface of vertebrates, plays a crucial role in maintaining host health. Recent evidence suggests that the gut microbiota influences HSCs differentiation by modulating the bone marrow microenvironment through microbial products. This paper comprehensively analyzes the impact of the gut microbiota on hematopoiesis and its effect on HSCs fate and differentiation by modifying the bone marrow microenvironment, including mechanical properties, inflammatory signals, bone marrow stromal cells, and metabolites. Furthermore, we discuss the involvement of the gut microbiota in the development of hematologic malignancies, such as leukemia, multiple myeloma, and lymphoma.
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