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Studi Eksperimental Penggunaan Butiran Expanded Polystyrene (EPS) sebagai Pengganti Pasir pada Campuran Bata Beton
Summary
Researchers experimentally evaluated the use of expanded polystyrene (EPS) granules as a partial sand replacement in concrete brick mixtures, measuring density and stress-strain characteristics of the resulting composite material. They found that increasing EPS content reduced material density and altered mechanical strength properties, offering potential for producing lighter, more eco-friendly building blocks from EPS waste.
EPS merupakan material yang lazim digunakan di kehidupan sehari-hari. Dibalik kegunaannya yang masif, penggunaannya dapat memberikan dampak negatif untuk lingkungan karena sifatnya yang tidak biodegradable sehingga menimbulkan permasalahan berupa sampah. Untuk itu, perlu dilakukan upaya mengurangi dampak penggunaan EPS, salah satunya adalah dengan pemanfaatan kembali sampah bulir EPS sebagai penyusun material bata beton ramah lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati karakteristik sampel yang terdiri atas massa jenis dan hubungan tegangan-regangan serta signifikansi perubahan kekuatan tekan jika EPS mengganti elemen pasir pada bata beton penyusun dinding. Pada penelitian eksperimental ini, sampah bulir EPS berukuran 5 mm digunakan sebagai material pengganti pasir dengan variasi 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20% dari volume pasir untuk campuran bata beton dengan proporsi massa air:semen:pasir sejumlah 1:1:4 ke dalam silinder berdiameter 10 cm dan tinggi 20 cm. Dari hasil penelitian, dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa massa jenis yang diperoleh berada di dalam batas massa beton ringan (<1850 kg/m3). Analisis hasil tegangan-regangan dilakukan. Kekuatan tekan pada campuran bata beton dengan EPS menurun seiring dengan peningkatan jumlah subtitusi pasir dengan EPS yang dilakukan. Hasil kuat tekan yang diperoleh dibandingkan dengan syarat kuat tekan bata beton dan bata ringan menurut Standar Nasional Indonesia (SNI).
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