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Potential Health Risk Assessment for Nitrate Contamination in the Groundwater of Mersin Province, Türkiye
Summary
Researchers assessed the potential health risk of nitrate contamination in groundwater across a studied region, mapping spatial distribution of nitrate concentrations and comparing them against drinking water standards. Elevated nitrate levels in agricultural areas exceeded safe thresholds in a significant proportion of wells, indicating a risk of methemoglobinemia particularly for infants consuming this water.
Though groundwater is one of the most significant natural water sources, its quality is deteriorating due to the anthropogenic pressures that poses health risks for people. In this study, potential health risk assessment for nitrate pollution in groundwater of Mersin Province was determined by commonly using health indices. Study findings indicated that the calculated Hazard Index (HI) values varied between 0.001 and 17.89 for the adults whilst the HI values ranging from 0.001 to 29.87 for the children. The HI values in the groundwater of Erdemli, Göksu and Anamur regions showed low chronic health risk for the adults and children (HI≤1). However, the calculated health risk indices indicated significant health hazards for the children inhabited between Tarsus and Çeşmeli regions (HI≥4.00) due to severe nitrate contamination originated from terrestrial sources. The findings of this study performed in the Mersin Province showed the sustainable management of groundwater policies is needed to reduce nitrate contamination and potential health hazards of the groundwater of studied and other regions in Türkiye.
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