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Microplastics and nanoplastics in follicular fluid are associated with diminished ovarian reserve: clinical and molecular insights
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Researchers found that microplastics and nanoplastics present in follicular fluid are associated with diminished ovarian reserve in women. The study provides evidence suggesting that exposure to these particles may harm female ovarian function. The findings point to the environment-gut-ovarian axis as a potential pathway through which micro- and nanoplastic exposure could contribute to reproductive health concerns.
These findings elucidate how exposure to MNPs may harm female ovarian function and provide potential new strategies for ameliorating reproductive disorders through the environment‒gut‒ovarian axis.
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Associations between concentrations of microplastics in follicular fluid and the risk of diminished ovarian reserve
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Researchers conducted a case-control study comparing microplastic levels in follicular fluid of patients with diminished ovarian reserve versus controls. Total microplastic abundance was significantly higher in the diminished ovarian reserve group (30.63 vs. 18.48 micrograms per gram), and elevated levels of polyethylene, polypropylene, and PVC were associated with reduced markers of ovarian function.
Size- and hydrophobicity-dependent accumulation of microplastics in follicular fluid is linked to impaired ovarian reserve in women undergoing medically assisted reproduction
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Researchers measured microplastic concentrations in follicular fluid and blood from women undergoing fertility treatment and found that nearly all samples contained microplastics. Higher microplastic concentrations in follicular fluid were significantly associated with reduced oocyte yield and lower odds of pregnancy, with evidence suggesting that certain hydrophobic polymers selectively accumulate in the ovary.
Microplastics and Nanoplastics: Impacts on Female Reproductive Health, Ovarian Function, and Genitourinary Disorders
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Researchers reviewed evidence showing microplastics and nanoplastics accumulate in ovarian tissue, follicular fluid, and the female genitourinary tract, where they trigger oxidative stress, endocrine disruption, and inflammation linked to reduced fertility, hormonal imbalance, and elevated risk of endometriosis.
Microplastics and Nanoplastics: Impacts on Female Reproductive Health, Ovarian Function, and Genitourinary Disorders
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Researchers review evidence that microplastics and nanoplastics accumulate in ovarian tissue, follicular fluid, and placental material, linking exposure to ovarian toxicity, hormonal disruption, reduced fertility, and elevated endometriosis risk through oxidative stress and inflammation-mediated pathways.
Microplastics are present in women’s and cows’ follicular fluid and polystyrene microplastics compromise bovine oocyte function in vitro
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Researchers detected microplastics in both women's and cows' follicular fluid for the first time, and showed that polystyrene microplastics impair bovine oocyte function in vitro, raising concern that environmental microplastic exposure may be contributing to declining reproductive health.
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