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The multistressor effect of pH reduction, microplastic and lanthanum on sea urchin Arbacia lixula

Marine Pollution Bulletin 2024 5 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 45 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

Berna Şahin, Önder Kılıç, Berna Şahin, Murat Belivermiş, Önder Kılıç, Murat Belivermiş, Murat Belivermiş, Murat Belivermiş, Önder Kılıç, Murat Belivermiş, Murat Belivermiş, Murat Belivermiş, Narin Sezer, Narin Sezer, Selcan Demiralp, Selcan Demiralp, Narin Sezer, Narin Sezer, Önder Kılıç, Narin Sezer, Suna Bektaş, Suna Bektaş, Engin Kaptan Engin Kaptan, Narin Sezer, Önder Kılıç, Onur Gönülal, Narin Sezer, Onur Gönülal, Berna Şahin, Önder Kılıç, Berna Şahin, Önder Kılıç, Selcan Demiralp, Suna Bektaş, Engin Kaptan, Engin Kaptan

Summary

This study examined how combined stressors of reduced pH, microplastic exposure, and lead contamination affect aquatic organisms in a multi-stressor experiment. The results showed synergistic toxic effects that exceeded those of individual stressors, underscoring the importance of multi-stressor frameworks in ecotoxicology.

Polymers

pH reduction (Low pH), microplastic (MP), and lanthanum (La) are substantial stressors due to their increasing trends in marine ecosystems and having adverse effects on marine species. This study investigates the single and combined effects of those stressors (Low pH: 7.45, polyethylene MP: 26 μg L, and La: 9 μg L) on the physiology and histology of sea urchin Arbacia lixula. Regarding physiological results, while the coelomocytes' quantity was slightly affected by stressors, their viability was significantly affected. The coelomocyte count and viability were suppressed most in Low pH-MP-La treatment. The stressors did not impact the respiration rate. According to the histological examination results, the crypt (villi-like structure) was shorter, and epithelial layers were thinner in single and dual stress treatments like MP, Low pH, Low pH-La, and MP-La. Overall, we suggest that the combination of variable types of those stressors causes negative effects on sea urchin's physiology and histology.

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