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Characteristics of microplastics pollution in important commercial coastal seafood of Central Java, Indonesia
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Researchers measured microplastic contamination in three commercially important seafoods from coastal Indonesia — milkfish, blood cockles, and green mussels — finding that all three contained plastic particles, with green mussels carrying the highest load at an average of 71 particles per individual. The variety of polymer types detected, including rubber and styrene compounds, confirms that microplastics are entering the human food chain through commonly consumed seafood.
The contamination levels and characteristics of microplastics (MPs) were assessed in commercial seafood from the coastal region of Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. This study covers milkfish (Chanos chanos), blood cockles (Anadara granosa) and green mussels (Perna viridis). Green mussels had the highest abundance (70.7 ± 48.0 particles/individual), followed by blood cockles (18.3 ± 7.3 particles/individual) and milkfish (5.9 ± 4.3 particles/individual). Fragments dominated in seafood samples (37–87.6 %), except for milkfish, which was mainly dominated by fibres (65,5 %). MPs in the 50-100 µm size range were primarily found in bivalve samples (34–40 %), while larger particles (100-1000 µm) were abundant in milkfish (53.1 %). Most MPs detected were grey in blood cockles (51 %), brown in green mussels (50 %), and black and brown in milkfish (33 %). Regarding polymer types, rubber (12–14 %), styrene copolymers (9–13 %), and cellulose (4–25 %) dominated MPs in milkfish and green mussels. The three most important polymers in blood cockles were cellulose (40 %), polyamide (20 %), and polyethylene (11 %). These findings confirm that MPs contaminate our daily diet, implying that further research is needed into the potential health risks of ingested MPs.
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Microplastics in green mussels (Perna viridis) from Jakarta Bay, Indonesia, and the associated hazards to human health posed by their consumption
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Researchers found microplastics in all 120 green mussels sampled from Jakarta Bay, identifying 12 polymer types, and estimated that Indonesian shellfish consumers may ingest up to 775,000 microplastic particles annually depending on consumption levels.
Microplastics Contamination in the Kalirejo Coastal Area, East Java, Indonesia and their Presence in Green Mussels (Perna viridis)
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Researchers surveyed the waters and green mussels along the Kalirejo coast in East Java, Indonesia, and found microplastics in all samples, with higher concentrations at shallower depths. Polyethylene fragments were the most common type, and there was a strong correlation between microplastic levels in the water and in mussel tissues, indicating the animals absorb plastics directly from their environment. The findings raise concerns about both ecological impacts and potential health risks from consuming contaminated shellfish in this major mussel farming region.
The spatial distribution and physico-chemical characteristic of microplastics in the sediment and cockle (Anadara granosa) from the coastal waters of East Java, Indonesia, and the health hazards associated with cockle consumption
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Researchers surveyed microplastic contamination in coastal sediments and cockles along the East Java coast of Indonesia and assessed the potential health risks from consuming the shellfish. They found microplastics, predominantly fibers and fragments, in all sediment and cockle tissue samples, with consumers potentially ingesting tens of thousands of microplastic particles per year. The findings raise concerns about dietary microplastic exposure for communities that regularly eat shellfish from these waters.
Microplastic contamination in green mussels (Perna viridis Linnaeus, 1758) collected from the traditional fish markets along the East Java coast of Indonesia and the associated risk assessment
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Researchers analyzed green mussels from five traditional fish markets along the East Java coast of Indonesia and found microplastic contamination in all samples, primarily in the form of fibers and fragments smaller than 500 micrometers. The polymer hazard index ranged from high to very high across all market locations, and various harmful chemicals associated with plastic production were detected in the mussel tissues. The findings raise health concerns for communities that regularly consume these mussels as a dietary staple.
Microplastic contamination in green mussels (Perna viridis Linnaeus, 1858) from traditional seafood markets in Jakarta, Indonesia, and an evaluation of potential hazards
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Researchers examined green mussels sold at traditional seafood markets in Jakarta, Indonesia, and found microplastic contamination in every sample tested. The most common types were black fibers made of polymers like rayon and polyethylene, with chemical analysis revealing potentially harmful additives. Since mussels are filter feeders that concentrate particles from seawater, eating contaminated shellfish is a direct route for microplastic exposure in humans.
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