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Exposure to microplastics/ nanoplastics induces responses of microglia and astrocytes: roles of oxidative stress and autophagy

Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) 2024 Score: 45 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.

Cai Zong, Yuki Kitamura, Cai Zong, Cai Zong, Cai Zong, Yuki Kitamura, Yuki Kitamura, Yuki Kitamura, Emi Kato, Emi Kato, Emi Kato, Emi Kato, Risa Tsuyuki, Risa Tsuyuki, Risa Tsuyuki, Risa Tsuyuki, Sonja Boland Cai Zong, Cai Zong, Cai Zong, Sonja Boland Cai Zong, Yuki Kitamura, Yuki Kitamura, Yuki Kitamura, Gaku Ichihara, Gaku Ichihara, Yuki Kitamura, Gaku Ichihara, Gaku Ichihara, Sahoko Ichihara, Sahoko Ichihara, Sahoko Ichihara, Sahoko Ichihara, Sahoko Ichihara, Sahoko Ichihara, Sahoko Ichihara, Sahoko Ichihara, Gaku Ichihara, Gaku Ichihara, Gaku Ichihara, Gaku Ichihara, Sonja Boland Sonja Boland Sonja Boland

Summary

This study investigated how microplastic and nanoplastic exposure affects glial cells including microglia and astrocytes in the central nervous system, which are essential for neurological immune defense and homeostasis. Exposure triggered reactive responses in both cell types, raising concern that plastic particle accumulation in the brain could contribute to neuroinflammation.

Body Systems

Immune Nervous Respiratory

[Introduction] Humans are increasingly exposed to microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) from air or food via inhalation or oral uptake, and intestine and lung damages have been reported. However, the effects of MPs/NPs on the CNS remain largely unknown. Glial cells, such as microglia and astrocytes, play essential roles in the CNS, including response to external stimuli. This study aimed to investigate the effects of MPs/NPs on microglia and astrocytes, as well as effects of co-exposure to BaP, which can potentially be absorbed by MPs/NPs. [Methods] BV2 microglia and KT-5 astrocytes were exposed to serial concentrations of MPs/NPs with different sizes and surface modifications, with or without co-exposure to BaP. MTS and LDH assay were performed to evaluate cell viability and membrane integrity. The uptake of MPs/NPs was observed with fluorescent microscope. The expression of genes was measured via qPCR or ELISA. Oxidative stress and autophagy were measured via relative assays. [Results] Exposure to MPs/NPs with different sizes (25, 100, 250, 1000nm) and surface modifications (plain, NH2, COOH) induced different changes in cell viability and membrane integrity of BV2 and KT-5 cells. Uptake of MPs/NPs was confirmed in BV2 and KT-5 cells, both in mono- or BaP-coexposed groups. The expression of proinflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress related genes showed different changes when exposed to different plastics. The results also showed upregulation of genes related to oxidative stress and autophagy signaling. In conclusion, exposure to MPs/NPs induced different responses in microglia and astrocytes, and the effects are both size- and surface-dependent. Further investigation is needed to understand the mechanism. Also see: https://micro2024.sciencesconf.org/557054/document

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