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The effects of microplastics on the growth and photosynthesis of Lemna minor
Summary
Researchers exposed duckweed (Lemna minor) to polystyrene (PS) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microplastics at concentrations of 10, 50, and 100 mg/L and measured effects on growth, photosynthetic yield, pigment content, and RuBisCO protein expression. PMMA-MPs were found to be more harmful than PS-MPs, causing greater reductions in chlorophyll content and stronger suppression of RuBisCO, though neither treatment significantly altered maximum quantum yield of PSII.
Čestice mikroplastike (MP), kao otpad i produkti razgradnje veće plastike, rašireni su zagađivači s potencijalnim učinkom na okoliš. Polistiren (PS) i poli(metil metakrilat) (PMMA) dvije su vrste plastike koje se naširoko koriste u industriji i mogu se nakupljati u okolišu, stoga je važno istražiti njihove moguće učinke na biljke. U ovom radu istraživala sam učinke različitih koncentracija (10, 50 i 100 mg L -1) PS- i PMMA-MP na rast i fotosintezu vodene leće (Lemna minor L.), modelnog organizma koji se koristi za ekotoksikološka istraživanja i fitoremedijaciju. Izlaganje biljaka PS-MP je uzrokovalo povećanje površine i broja frondova, dok je izlaganje PMMA-MP, osobito u najvišoj koncentraciji, uzrokovalo smanjenje. Međutim, te promjene nisu bile statistički značajne. Nijedna vrsta MP nije imala značajan učinak na maksimalni kvantni prinos PSII (Fv/Fm), iako je indeks fotosintetske učinkovitosti (PIABS) bio malo viši u biljaka tretiranih s PS-MP, u odnosu na PMMA-MP. Tretman s PMMA-MP je doveo i do većeg smanjenja udjela pigmenta, posebice klorofila a, dok su niže koncentracije PS-MP imale pozitivan učinak na sadržaj klorofila a, klorofila b i karotenoida u usporedbi s kontrolom. Obje vrste MP smanjile su ekspresiju proteina RuBisCO, pri čemu je PMMA-MP imala izraženiji učinak. Zaključno, iako obje vrste mikroplastike utječu na fiziologiju biljaka, čini se da je PMMA-MP štetnija za vodenu leću, te je preporučljivo nastaviti s istraživanjem učinaka i mogućih obrambenih mehanizama biljaka.
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