0
Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Human Health Effects Marine & Wildlife Nanoplastics Sign in to save

Nanoplastic exposure damages neural plasticity, cognitive abilities, and ecological adaptability of marine medaka Oryzias melastigma

Marine Pollution Bulletin 2026 Score: 50 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Xianyu Yuan, Gang Ning, Yong Liu, Sunil Kadri, Jiezhang Mo, Zhen Wang, Ping Li, Ping Li, Zonghang Zhang

Summary

Researchers exposed marine medaka fish to 50-nanometer polystyrene nanoplastics and found reduced cognitive abilities, with fish making faster but less accurate decisions in learning tasks. Exposed fish also showed altered social behavior, maintaining closer distances to each other while increasing reliance on shelters, indicating reduced ecological adaptability. Transcriptomic analysis revealed changes in genes involved in cell adhesion, signal transduction, and oxidative stress pathways.

Polymers
Body Systems

Nanoplastics are widely distributed in diverse aquatic environments and pose potential threats to organisms. Despite the growing awareness of nanoplastics' toxicity, their effects on higher-order cognitive functions and ecological adaptability of fish remain poorly understood. This study investigated the effects of 50 nm polystyrene nanoplastics on the cognition and adaptability of marine medaka (Oryzias melastigma) and further explored potential molecular mechanisms through transcriptomic analyses. Exposed fish showed a pattern of faster decision-making but lower accuracy in spatial and numerical learning tasks, indicating reduced cognitive abilities. Exposed fish displayed closer inter-individual distances, increased avoidance distances, and more substantial reliance on shelters in mesocosm systems. Transcriptomic analysis also revealed altered expression of genes involved in cell adhesion, signal transduction, and oxidative stress, especially in focal adhesion and tight junction pathways. This study provides additional neurobehavioral toxicological evidence of nanoplastics and highlights the importance of including nanoplastics in the current plastic management strategies.

Sign in to start a discussion.

More Papers Like This

Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics Cause Neurobehavioral Impairments, Reproductive and Oxidative Damages, and Biomarker Responses in Zebrafish: Throwing up Alarms of Wide Spread Health Risk of Exposure

Researchers exposed adult zebrafish to polystyrene nanoplastics and found that the particles accumulated in the brain, liver, intestine, and gonads, causing significant behavioral and physiological changes. The fish showed disrupted energy metabolism, oxidative stress, and altered locomotion, aggression, and predator avoidance behaviors. The findings raise concerns about the widespread health risks of nanoplastic exposure, as these particles are small enough to cross biological membranes.

Article Tier 2

Impacts of Environmental Concentrations of Nanoplastics on Zebrafish Neurobehavior and Reproductive Toxicity

Researchers exposed zebrafish to environmentally realistic levels of polystyrene nanoplastics and found they caused both brain and reproductive damage. The nanoplastics disrupted neurotransmitter signaling and impaired the hormonal pathway connecting the brain to reproductive organs, with different effects in males and females. These findings suggest that even low-level nanoplastic exposure could affect both brain function and fertility in aquatic life that humans may consume.

Article Tier 2

Nanoplastics impact the zebrafish (Danio rerio) transcriptome: Associated developmental and neurobehavioral consequences

Researchers exposed developing zebrafish larvae to polystyrene nanoplastics of two sizes and found dose-dependent accumulation in tissues along with swimming hyperactivity, despite no effects on mortality or hatching. Transcriptomic analysis revealed changes in gene expression associated with neurodegeneration and motor dysfunction at both high and low concentrations. The study suggests that nanoplastic exposure during early development can alter brain function and behavior in ways that may reduce organismal fitness.

Article Tier 2

Nanopolystyrene particles at environmentally relevant concentrations causes behavioral and biochemical changes in juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella)

Researchers exposed juvenile grass carp to environmentally relevant concentrations of polystyrene nanoplastics and found impaired anti-predator behavior, altered shoal dynamics, and increased acetylcholinesterase activity alongside oxidative stress, with nanoplastics detected in brain tissue, suggesting neurological effects even at trace exposure levels.

Article Tier 2

Neurophysiological and Behavioral Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics in Aquatic Organisms

Researchers reviewed evidence that micro- and nanoplastics in aquatic environments cross the blood-brain barrier, accumulate in neural tissues, and cause oxidative stress, neuroinflammation, and disrupted neurotransmitter signaling, with downstream effects on locomotion, feeding, predator avoidance, and social behavior across multiple aquatic species.

Share this paper