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Determination of bioaccumulation of polystyrene nanoplastics in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and their impact on enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidative stress mechanisms
Summary
Researchers assessed the bioaccumulation of polystyrene nanoplastics in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis and measured enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant stress responses after 4 days of exposure to 1 mg/L of 54 nm particles. Nanoplastics accumulated in mussel tissues and triggered significant oxidative stress responses, including altered superoxide dismutase and catalase activity, indicating toxicological effects at environmentally relevant concentrations.
Nanoplastika postaje sve veća globalna briga, a njeni štetni učinci na morske organizme su još uvijek neistraženi. Ovaj rad procijenio je učinke polistirenske nanoplastike (1 mg L-¹; 54,37 nm PSNPs) na dagnjama vrste Mytilus galloprovincialis tokom 4 dana izlaganja. Organizmi su podijeljeni u dvije skupine pri čemu je jedna bila hranjena mikroalgama vrste Dunaliella salina, dok druga nije imala pristup hrani. Toksičnost je procijenjena antioksidativnim enzimima (katalaza (CAT), glutation reduktaza (GR)), enzimom biotransformacije (glutation - S -transferaza (GST)) i oksidativnim oštećenjem (LPO) u škrgama. Niske aktivnosti enzima CAT, GST i GR tokom ekspozicijskog vremena ukazuju na previsoku koncentraciju PSNPs u vodenom okolišu, uzrokujući indukciju ROS-a koji je nadjačao antioksidativni obrambeni sustav. Takvo ponašanje potvrđeno je visokom koncentracijom MDA kao biomarkera oksidativnog stresa, nakon 72h i 96h ekspozicije. Nisu bile prisutne primjetne razlike između hranjene skupine i skupine bez pristupa hrani. Bioakumulacija je iznosila 5%. Potrebna su daljnja istraživanja o učincima nanoplastike na vodenim organizmima kako bi se razumjeli ekološki rizici te procijenili dugoročni utjecaji na bioraznolikost i funkcioniranje ekosustava.
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