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Occurrence and Speciation of Pollutants in Guilin Huixian Wetland: Nutrients, Microplastics, Heavy Metals, and Emerging Contaminants
Summary
This review synthesizes the pollution status of the Huixian Wetland in Guilin, China, covering nutrients, heavy metals, emerging contaminants, and microplastics together, finding that growing industrial, agricultural, and aquaculture activities are degrading this ecologically valuable karst wetland. The combined pollutant lens provides a more complete picture of cumulative environmental pressure than any single contaminant study could offer.
The Huixian Wetland is a natural ecosystem of immense ecological value, providing crucial ecosystem services such as water purification, water regulation, and a habitat for the region’s flora and fauna. Its karst peak forest landforms and surrounding environment also possess unique ecological and landscape value. However, with the ongoing socioeconomic development, including the rise of industrial, agricultural, and aquaculture activities in the wetland area, the nutrient composition of the Huixian Wetland has been altered. This paper reviews the current status of nitrogen, phosphorus, heavy metals, emerging pollutants, and biodiversity in various environmental media of the Huixian Wetland. It synthesizes the literature to identify the factors influencing these changes and projects future research directions for the wetland. This work is of significant practical importance, providing scientific foundations for the restoration and protection of the Huixian Wetland.
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