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Tier 2
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Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence.
Environmental Sources
Marine & Wildlife
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Integrative Evaluation of the Ecological Hazards by Microplastics and Heavy Metals in Wetland Ecosystem
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology2023
11 citations
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Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count.
Score: 40
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0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Shanza Zaka,
Shanza Zaka,
Noreen Khalid,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Wajiha Sarfraz,
Komal Arshad,
Komal Arshad,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Ali Noman
Wajiha Sarfraz,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Noreen Khalid,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Wajiha Sarfraz,
Wajiha Sarfraz,
Wajiha Sarfraz,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Ali Noman
Ali Noman
Ali Noman
Ali Noman
Ali Noman
Muhammad Aqeel,
Adeel Mahmood,
Adeel Mahmood,
Adeel Mahmood,
Adeel Mahmood,
Adeel Mahmood,
Adeel Mahmood,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Zarrin Fatima Rizvi,
Noreen Khalid,
Ali Noman
Noreen Khalid,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Noreen Khalid,
Zarrin Fatima Rizvi,
Zarrin Fatima Rizvi,
Zarrin Fatima Rizvi,
Zarrin Fatima Rizvi,
Wajiha Sarfraz,
Ali Noman
Noreen Khalid,
Ali Noman
Ali Noman
Ali Noman
Wajiha Sarfraz,
Adeel Mahmood,
Adeel Mahmood,
Zarrin Fatima Rizvi,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Noreen Khalid,
Wajiha Sarfraz,
Ali Noman
Ali Noman
Zarrin Fatima Rizvi,
Zarrin Fatima Rizvi,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Wajiha Sarfraz,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Zarrin Fatima Rizvi,
Zarrin Fatima Rizvi,
Noreen Khalid,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Zarrin Fatima Rizvi,
Aisha Nazir,
Wajiha Sarfraz,
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Komal Arshad,
Komal Arshad,
Muhammad Aqeel,
Ali Noman
Ali Noman
Shanza Zaka,
Ali Noman
Noreen Khalid,
Noreen Khalid,
Ali Noman
Shanza Zaka,
Noreen Khalid,
Ali Noman
Ali Noman
Ali Noman
Summary
Researchers conducted an integrative ecological hazard assessment of microplastics combined with heavy metals, evaluating their combined toxicity to aquatic organisms. The study found that co-contamination with heavy metals and microplastics poses greater ecological risk than either pollutant alone.
This study was performed to evaluate the impact of microplastics and heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu, Zn, Ni) on sediments, water, aquatic plants (Pistia stratiotes, Alternanthera philoxeroides, and Ipomoea carnea), and fish (Labeo rohita) samples collected from five different sites in the Bajwat wetlands in Sialkot, Pakistan. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Cr were above the permissible limits devised by WHO in all the ecosystem components (i.e. sediments, water, plants, and fish) at all sites. The maximum amount of microplastic particles (2317 microplastic particles per kg of sediments) was recorded at Site 1. The filaments were the most commonly found type of microplastics. Plants and fish samples also showed considerable concentration of metals. The multivariate statistical analysis revealed anthropogenic sources of elevated concentrations of metal elements which could cause adverse biological effects in the ecosystem.