Critical Evaluation of Remediation Methods for Microplastic Pollution in Sewage Water

Sewage irrigation can be a source of microplastic pollution, which is becoming an increasing problem in the environment. Microplastics can be spread throughout ecosystems when sewage water is utilized for irrigation because it carries them from one place to another. Due to a redox imbalance caused by the microplastics’ excessive generation of free radicals, oxidative stress is induced in plants and animals that ingest them. Microplastics are a result of the widespread usage of plastic components throughout industries, which in turn contaminates water treatment facilities. Microplastics, unlike macroplastics, are more difficult to filter out of the environment. Because of their greater surface-area-to-volume ratio and bioavailability in living cells, microplastics have a more detrimental effect than their macro counterparts. Sewage water contains microplastics that disrupt the urban water microbiota and contaminate urban terrestrial water body ecosystems. The resulting decline in water quality causes a severe shortage of potable water. Microplastic contamination of human cells has carcinogenic effects and results in severe genetic diseases. The qualitative and quantitative data related to the process of contamination of the microplastics in sewage water and different water bodies and the impact of microplastics in different ecosystems and various sectors of the economy have been analyzed in detail through different secondary sources. The information collected in this process are thereby analyzed thematically and presented in the research study in order to develop a comprehensive plan for the prevention of microplastic contamination.