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Cardioprotective potential of sakuranetin to counteract polyethylene microplastics induced cardiotoxicity
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The flavonoid sakuranetin protected rat hearts from polyethylene microplastic-induced cardiotoxicity by activating the Nrf2/Keap1 antioxidant pathway, restoring cardiac biomarker levels and reducing oxidative damage caused by 30 days of microplastic exposure.
Polyethylene microplastics (PEMPs) are toxic environmental contaminants which can impair multiple organs including heart. Sakuranetin (SKN) is a potential flavonoid with diverse pharmacological benefits. This research was undertaken to analyze the defensive impact of SKN to avert PEMPs-induced cardiotoxicity. Rats were allocated into 4 separate groups: control, PEMPs (1.5 mg kg −1 ), PEMPs + SKN (1.5 mg kg −1 + 10 mg kg −1 ) & only SKN (10 mg kg −1 ) treated group. After 30 days of treatment, our results revealed that PEMPs exposure reduced Nrf2 & antioxidant genes whereas increased Keap1 expression. Besides PEMPs intoxication escalated the level of cardiac biomarkers (CPK, LDH, Troponin I & CK-MB). Additionally, it lessened the activities of GSH, GST, SOD, HO-1, CAT, GSR, GPx whereas the levels of MDA and OS were increased. Conversely, the levels of inflammatory biomarkers i.e., COX-2 activity IL-1β, TNF-α, NF-kB & IL-6 were augmented. Besides, the expressions of apoptotic biomarkers i.e., Bax & caspase-3 were enhanced while the Bcl-2 expression was decreased. Furthermore, histological analysis indicated substantial cardiac tissue damage. However, SKN treatment significantly restored the PEMPs-induced biochemical as well as histological impairments. Therefore, SKN could be used as a therapeutic compound to ameliorate PEMPs-induced cardiac impairments in rats, possibly due to its tremendous pharmacotherapeutic potential.
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