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Accumulation of Microplastics and Potentially Toxic Elements in Plant Leaves Along an Urbanization Gradient in Bangladesh
Summary
Researchers analyzed plant leaves along an urbanization gradient in Bangladesh and found that both microplastics and toxic metals like cadmium, lead, and zinc accumulated on leaf surfaces, with the highest levels near industrial areas. Only PET (polyethylene terephthalate) microplastics were detected, and their concentration correlated with industrial activity. The study shows that airborne microplastics and heavy metals co-accumulate on food-related vegetation, creating a potential pathway for human exposure through contaminated produce.
Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) and microplastics (MPs) in the atmosphere raise widespread apprehension due to their association with the ecosystem and public health. The accumulation of airborne MPs and PTEs was analyzed in <i>Polyalthia longifolia</i> leaves, and the Pollution Index (PI) was calculated along an industrial, residential, and rural gradient in Bangladesh. Only polyethylene terephthalate (PET) was found in the highest concentration in industrial areas compared to other areas. In leaves, a significantly higher Cd, Pb, and Zn concentration was found in industrial regions compared to residential and rural areas. For Cd, the PI was observed to be higher than 1 in rural areas, indicating a moderate level of pollution; it was higher than 3 in residential areas, showing considerable pollution; and it was found to be more than 6 in industrial areas. The higher concentration of both MPs and PTEs with increasing urbanization reflects the influence of anthropogenic activities. The findings of the study demonstrate the fascinating potential of <i>P. longifolia</i> tree leaves as a promising bioindicator for air quality biomonitoring.
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