Wastewater as a Source of Microplastic Pollution: Fate and Risk on Biota

G.G.N. Thushari; K. P. G. K. P. Guruge; A.P. Abeygunawardana; Jayan Duminda M Senevirathna

doi:10.1007/978-3-031-94480-2_5

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Wastewater as a Source of Microplastic Pollution: Fate and Risk on Biota

2025

G.G.N. Thushari, K. P. G. K. P. Guruge, A.P. Abeygunawardana, Jayan Duminda M Senevirathna

Summary

This review examined wastewater as a primary pathway for microplastic entry into the environment, assessing the fate of particles through treatment systems and the ecological and health risks they pose to biota after discharge. Wastewater effluent and biosolid land application together represent two of the most direct routes by which MNPs reach agricultural soils and drinking water sources, making treatment plant performance central to human exposure reduction.

Study Type Environmental

Microplastics accumulate in the environment through numerous entry pathways, with wastewater discharge being one of the major sources. There are multiple methods for identifying, characterizing, and treating microplastics in wastewater; however, some microplastics...

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