Reduction of microplastics through waste management: Evaluation of water quality and health risks in the communication policy of the ministry of environment and forestry

Abstract This article discusses the reduction of microplastics through waste management in Indonesia, focusing on the urgency of the issue, research methodology, and obtained results. The urgency of this research is high due to the negative impacts of microplastics on ecosystems and human health. Microplastics, plastic particles less than 5 millimeters in size, have contaminated water bodies and biota that become food sources, posing health risks through exposure to contaminants such as BPA and phthalates that disrupt hormonal functions. The methodology used is qualitative research with an in-depth phenomenological approach, involving in-depth interviews and focused group discussions with various stakeholders, including government officials, researchers, environmental activists, and local communities. Secondary data were obtained from government documents, previous research reports, journal articles, and news media. Data analysis was conducted using the methods of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, involving data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing/verification, with data validity tested through source triangulation. The results of the research indicate that current waste management policies need to be strengthened to effectively address the issue of microplastics. Stricter and more specific regulations are required to reduce the production and release of microplastics from consumer and industrial products. Additionally, public education on the dangers of microplastics and the importance of recycling is key to reducing the volume of plastics that end up in the environment. Collaboration between the government, communities, and businesses through technological initiatives such as the Surplus application and the FoodCycle Indonesia program shows great potential in supporting Sustainable Development Goals [SDGs] related to Zero Hunger, Responsible Consumption and Production, and Climate Action. This approach is not only relevant for the city of Medan but can also be adapted by other regions facing similar waste management issues.