The impact of environmental management on the growth of the bottled water industry in Indonesia (Case study: sales of disposable gallons)

Purpose: This study aims to analyze the impact of environmental management on the growth of the bottled drinking water industry (AMDK) in Indonesia, focusing on the consequences of single-use gallon sales. The bottled water industry in Indonesia has grown significantly due to the high demand for safe and practical drinking water, especially in areas with limited access to clean piped water. However, the use of plastic gallons, whether refillable or disposable, poses serious environmental and health concerns. Method: This research uses a qualitative method with normative juridical, sociological juridical, and analytical juridical approaches. Secondary data were obtained from various literature, while primary data were collected through interviews with communities around Bantargebang landfill, Bekasi. Results: The findings indicate that refillable plastic gallons have a higher risk of releasing microplastics into drinking water due to repeated use, while disposable gallons contribute significantly to plastic waste accumulation, often not being recycled properly. The study also reveals that strict regulations and public education on recycling, as practiced in countries like Japan and Germany, are essential for effective plastic waste management. Implementation: The implementation of BPOM's safety standards, including limits on Bisphenol-A (BPA) migration, is crucial to mitigating health risks. To balance industry growth and environmental sustainability, recommendations include improving environmental management practices, promoting consumer awareness, and enhancing recycling initiatives. The study provides a comprehensive view of the environmental and health impacts of using plastic gallons in the AMDK industry and suggests policy and practical measures to address these challenges.