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Reveal Resistance Mechanisms of Mirabilis Jalapa L. When Exposed to Galaxolide and Polystyrene Microplastics Stress, from Individual, Cellular and Molecular Level
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Reveal resistance mechanisms of Mirabilis jalapa L. when exposed to galaxolide and polystyrene microplastics stress, from individual, cellular and molecular level
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Researchers studied how the ornamental plant Mirabilis jalapa tolerates exposure to galaxolide (a synthetic fragrance) and polystyrene microplastics. They found that the plant activates defense mechanisms at the cellular and molecular level, including boosting antioxidant enzymes and adjusting its root structure. The study suggests that certain plants may have built-in resistance strategies that could be useful for cleaning up soils contaminated with microplastics and personal care product chemicals.
Calendula officinalis L. Tolerance Response to Polystyrene Microplastics and Galaxolide by Seed Germination, as an Ornamental Plant
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Calendula officinalis seedlings showed resistance to polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics as well as the fragrance chemical galaxolide, with both PS particle types actually stimulating sprout growth by 24–74% and triggering upregulation of antioxidant enzymes. Understanding which plants tolerate and potentially phytoremediate microplastic-contaminated soils is valuable for designing green remediation strategies for agricultural and urban land affected by plastic pollution.
Optimistic effects of galaxolide and polystyrene microplastic stress on the physio-biochemical characteristics and metabolic profiles of an ornamental plant
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Researchers investigated the effects of the synthetic fragrance galaxolide and polystyrene microplastics on the ornamental plant Mirabilis jalapa. The study found that this plant showed tolerance to both contaminants, with increased antioxidant enzyme activity and altered metabolic profiles, suggesting the species could potentially be used for eco-friendly remediation of environments contaminated with these emerging pollutants.
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A bibliometric analysis of 84 studies (2017-2025) found that microplastic exposure in plants triggers stress pathway upregulation, reduces seed germination by up to 20%, disrupts nutrient uptake, and elevates antioxidant enzyme activity. These plant-level disruptions matter for human health because microplastic contamination of agricultural systems can degrade food quality, reduce crop yields, and create exposure pathways through the vegetables and grains people eat.
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