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Impact of Microplastics and Nanomaterials on Fish Health: Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense Mechanisms
Summary
Researchers review how exposure to microplastics, pesticides, and nanoparticles triggers oxidative stress in fish by generating reactive oxygen species, and examine how fish antioxidant defense mechanisms respond to these combined environmental stressors with implications for seafood safety and aquatic health.
Fish are a staple and inexpensive food source that is rich in animal protein, along with various vitamins, essential amino acids, and minerals; exposure to microplastics, pesticides, and various nanoparticles generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induces...