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Bioeffects of Nanoplastics: DNA Damage and Mechanism
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This review examines how nanoplastics, plastic particles smaller than one micrometer, can damage DNA in cells. The authors explain that nanoplastics may cause genetic damage through oxidative stress, inflammation, and direct interference with cellular processes, which raises concerns about potential long-term health effects including cancer risk.
Nanoplastics, as emerging contaminants, have been causing great panic, potentially affecting human health in recent years. Some in vitro studies have indicated that nanoplastics may induce severe toxicity. However, the mechanisms underlying this potential toxicity are insufficiently understood. In this study, we have found PS-NH2 nanoplastics had the obvious DNA cleavage activities, while PS-COOH nanoplastics were not observed to have the DNA cleavage abilities. Both microsized PS-NH2 and PS-COOH microplastics lacked DNA cleavage activities, indicating the importance of size and surface ligand in nanoplastics' DNA cleavage. The DNA cleavage system by nanoplastics remains stable under varying pH and temperature. From the mechanism exploration, the interaction energy is much higher between PS-NH2 nanoplastics than PS-COOH nanoplastics, further illuminating that PS-NH2 nanoplastics have stronger binding interaction with DNA to induce DNA cleavage activities. This study offers insights into the potential environmental risks and toxicity of nanoplastics in the aquatic ecosystems.
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Molecular toxicity of nanoplastics involving in oxidative stress and desoxyribonucleic acid damage
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This review examines the molecular mechanisms by which nanoplastics induce oxidative stress and DNA damage in biological systems, synthesizing findings from cell culture and animal studies. The evidence suggests that nanoplastics can cause genotoxic effects at the cellular level, which is relevant to understanding potential long-term health risks of chronic nanoplastic exposure.
Genotoxicity and Genomic Instability Induced by Micro- and Nanoplastics: A Comprehensive Multi-Taxa Mechanistic Review.
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This review of existing research found that tiny plastic particles (microplastics and nanoplastics) can damage DNA in many different living things, from fish to human cells. The plastic particles cause this damage by creating harmful molecules called free radicals, disrupting the body's ability to repair DNA, and triggering inflammation. These findings suggest that the growing amount of plastic pollution in our environment could pose serious health risks to humans and wildlife.
Research progress on the cellular toxicity caused by microplastics and nanoplastics
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This review summarizes current research on how microplastics and nanoplastics cause damage at the cellular level. Researchers identified four main ways these particles harm cells: triggering oxidative stress, damaging cell membranes and organelles, causing inflammation, and disrupting DNA. The findings highlight growing evidence that plastic particles small enough to enter cells can interfere with fundamental biological processes.
Derivatives of Plastics as Potential Carcinogenic Factors: The Current State of Knowledge
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Researchers reviewed the current evidence on micro- and nanoplastics as potential carcinogenic substances that may cause DNA damage. The review found correlations between exposure to micro- and nanoplastic particles and the onset of several cancers, though the study notes that more research is needed to establish clear causal relationships between plastic particle exposure and cancer development.
Rising Concern About the Carcinogenetic Role of Micro‐Nanoplastics
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This review raised concerns about the carcinogenic potential of micro- and nanoplastics, synthesizing evidence that these particles can induce DNA damage, oxidative stress, and cellular transformation. It called for accelerated research into whether microplastic exposure increases human cancer risk.
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When a large batch of papers lands in the Atlas, we read through it and send a short write-up of what stood out.