0
Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Sign in to save

Different effects of bio/non-degradable microplastics on sewage sludge compost performance: Focusing on antibiotic resistance genes, virulence factors and key metabolic functions

Journal of Hazardous Materials 2025 15 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count. Score: 58 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Xiangyu Liu, Hangyu Li, Jie Yang, Shen Yan, Yufei Zhou, Rui Jiang, Renhe Li, Mengmeng Wang, Peng Ren

Summary

Researchers compared how biodegradable and conventional microplastics affect antibiotic resistance genes and microbial communities during sewage sludge composting. They found that both types of microplastics increased the abundance of antibiotic resistance genes, but non-biodegradable polypropylene had a stronger effect on promoting harmful virulence factors. The study raises concerns that microplastic contamination in composted sludge could spread antibiotic resistance when applied to agricultural land.

Polymers

Microplastics (MP) have aroused increasing concern due to the negative environmental impact. However, the impact of bio/non-biodegradable MPs on the sludge composting process has not been thoroughly investigated. This study examined antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), virulence factors (VFs), and microbial community functions in sludge compost with the application of polylactic acid (PLA) and polypropylene (PP), using metagenomic sequencing. The findings indicated that both types of MPs could extend the thermophilic phase, enhance microbial activity, and inhibit the formation of humic acids. Compared to CK, the subtypes of ARGs decreased 4.22 % and 13.11 % in PLA and PP groups, respectively. But new ARGs emerged, particularly in the PLA group. The proportions of ARGs related to efflux and VFs associated with the adhesion system increased 1.62 %-2.27 % and 55.56 %-60.00 %, respectively, in MPs-added composts. The relative abundance of potential bacterial hosts (e.g., Psychrobacter) carrying multiple ARGs and VFs was much higher in PLA-added compost than in the other two. Moreover, PP facilitated denitrification process and PLA enhanced dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium. Both types of MPs inhibited assimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonia but promoted inorganic nitrogen assimilation. This study broadens our understanding of the potential environmental risks posed by biodegradable and non-biodegradable microplastics on sludge compost and offers valuable insights for the management and application of compost products.

Sign in to start a discussion.

More Papers Like This

Article Tier 2

Potential environmental risks of field bio/non-degradable microplastic from mulching residues in farmland: Evidence from metagenomic analysis of plastisphere

Researchers analyzed the microbes living on biodegradable and conventional plastic mulch fragments in farm soil and found that both types harbored antibiotic resistance genes and disease-causing bacteria, including human pathogens. Surprisingly, the biodegradable plastic (PBAT/PLA) had a higher diversity and abundance of resistance genes than conventional polyethylene. This challenges the assumption that biodegradable plastics are always safer and raises concerns about antibiotic resistance spreading from farm microplastics.

Article Tier 2

Microplastics exacerbate antibiotic resistance by regulating microbial and functional gene dynamics in sludge and food waste composting

Researchers analyzed the impact of polyethylene, polypropylene, and mixed PE+PP microplastics on antibiotic resistance gene propagation during sewage sludge and food waste composting. Microplastics significantly increased ARG abundance — with PE showing the highest enrichment at 2.06 log-fold — by altering microbial community dynamics and promoting horizontal gene transfer through mobile genetic elements.

Article Tier 2

Biodegradable microplastics induced the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors in soil: A metagenomic perspective

Researchers found that biodegradable microplastics promoted the spread of antibiotic resistance genes and virulence factors in soil at levels comparable to conventional microplastics, challenging assumptions about their environmental safety.

Article Tier 2

Effects of polypropylene microplastics on digestion performance, microbial community, and antibiotic resistance during microbial anaerobic digestion

Researchers studied how polypropylene microplastics affect the anaerobic digestion process used to treat wastewater sludge. While small amounts of microplastics slightly increased methane production, they also promoted the spread of antibiotic resistance genes among bacteria in the digesters. This means microplastics in wastewater systems could contribute to the growing problem of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, which poses a serious threat to human health.

Article Tier 2

Metagenomic Analysis Reveals the Effects of Microplastics on Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Sludge Anaerobic Digestion

Researchers used metagenomic analysis to study how microplastics in sewage sludge affect the spread of antibiotic resistance genes during anaerobic digestion. They found that microplastics increased antibiotic resistance gene levels by up to 30 percent, with polyethylene having the strongest effect, and also boosted the mobile genetic elements that help resistance genes spread between bacteria. The findings raise concerns about microplastics facilitating the spread of antibiotic resistance through wastewater treatment systems.

Share this paper