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Distinct toxicity profiles of conventional and biodegradable fishing nets’ leachates after artificial aging

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Jérôme Cachot, Edgar Dusacre, Edgar Dusacre, Bénédicte Morin, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Edgar Dusacre, Edgar Dusacre, Edgar Dusacre, Edgar Dusacre, Bénédicte Morin, Edgar Dusacre, Edgar Dusacre, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Bénédicte Morin, Bénédicte Morin, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Coralie Le Picard, Faith Ekoja, Coralie Le Picard, Fabienne Lagarde, Christelle Clérandeau Christelle Clérandeau Fabienne Lagarde, Faith Ekoja, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Miren P. Cajaraville, Christelle Clérandeau Christelle Clérandeau Miren P. Cajaraville, Valerian Hausard, Christelle Clérandeau Jérôme Cachot, Valerian Hausard, Christelle Clérandeau Jérôme Cachot, Christelle Clérandeau Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Miren P. Cajaraville, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Christelle Clérandeau Fabienne Lagarde, Edgar Dusacre, Camille Rigolet, Edgar Dusacre, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Sophie Lecomte, Fabienne Lagarde, Miren P. Cajaraville, Miren P. Cajaraville, Miren P. Cajaraville, Sandrine Villette, Edgar Dusacre, Edgar Dusacre, Fabienne Lagarde, Camille Rigolet, Sophie Lecomte, Miren P. Cajaraville, Bénédicte Morin, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Christelle Clérandeau Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Bénédicte Morin, Bénédicte Morin, Edgar Dusacre, Christelle Clérandeau Christelle Clérandeau Faith Ekoja, Miren P. Cajaraville, Sophie Lecomte, Christelle Clérandeau Fabienne Lagarde, Christelle Clérandeau Bénédicte Morin, Christelle Clérandeau Sophie Lecomte, Christelle Clérandeau Bénédicte Morin, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Faith Ekoja, Fabienne Lagarde, Christelle Clérandeau, Edgar Dusacre, Christelle Clérandeau Miren P. Cajaraville, Morgane Jean, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Miren P. Cajaraville, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Christelle Clérandeau Sophie Lecomte, Morgane Jean, Sophie Lecomte, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Christelle Clérandeau Bénédicte Morin, Sophie Lecomte, Christelle Clérandeau Christelle Clérandeau Christelle Clérandeau Christelle Clérandeau Christelle Clérandeau Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Bénédicte Morin, Bénédicte Morin, Bénédicte Morin, Bénédicte Morin, Christelle Clérandeau, Jérôme Cachot, Bénédicte Morin, Bénédicte Morin, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Bénédicte Morin, Bénédicte Morin, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Bénédicte Morin, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Sandrine Villette, Bénédicte Morin, Jérôme Cachot, Bénédicte Morin, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Miren P. Cajaraville, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Sophie Lecomte, Christelle Clérandeau Jérôme Cachot, Miren P. Cajaraville, Sophie Lecomte, Sophie Lecomte, Jérôme Cachot, Miren P. Cajaraville, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Sophie Lecomte, Sophie Lecomte, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Bénédicte Morin, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Bénédicte Morin, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Bénédicte Morin, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Bénédicte Morin, Sophie Lecomte, Miren P. Cajaraville, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Bénédicte Morin, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Miren P. Cajaraville, Miren P. Cajaraville, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Christelle Clérandeau, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Christelle Clérandeau Miren P. Cajaraville, Fabienne Lagarde, Jérôme Cachot, Fabienne Lagarde, Fabienne Lagarde, Sophie Lecomte, Fabienne Lagarde, Bénédicte Morin, Edgar Dusacre, Edgar Dusacre, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Christelle Clérandeau Bénédicte Morin, Bénédicte Morin, Jérôme Cachot, Jérôme Cachot, Bénédicte Morin, Christelle Clérandeau

Summary

Researchers compared the toxicity of chemical leachates released by conventional and biodegradable fishing nets after simulated aging. They found that biodegradable nets made from PBS-PBAT released compounds that were significantly more toxic to marine bacteria and disrupted fish larval behavior more than conventional net leachates. The study suggests that biodegradable fishing gear, while intended to reduce plastic waste, may pose its own environmental risks as it breaks down.

Polymers

PA PE PP

Models

Fish other

Fishing nets (FNs) represent a significant source of plastic waste, but their contribution to pollution by micro- and nanoplastics (MNPs) and associated additives is poorly understood. We studied the degradation of a high-performance-polyethylene-polypropylene (HPPE-PP) trawl net and two trammel nets made of polyamide 6 (PA6) or biodegradable polybutylene-succinate-polybutyrate-adipate-terephthalate (PBS-PBAT). Accelerated artificial ageing (AA) was performed using UV irradiation under environmental or extreme conditions followed by abrasion in water with glass microbeads. FN degradation and organic compound release were studied as well as the toxicity of leachates on the marine bacteria Allivibrio fischeri and larvae of the fish Oryzias latipes. AA of FNs under environmental conditions caused slight polymer degradation and did not produce significant MNPs. However, under extreme conditions, PA6 and PBS-PBAT FNs produced 9.1 × 10 MP/mL and 2.0 × 10 MP/mL, respectively. FNs released a total of 27 organic compounds in the leachates from which 7 were quantified at concentrations between 0.35 µg/L (Phthalimide) to 200 µg/L (Succinic-acid 2-methylallyl-undecyl-ester). Only the PBS-PBAT FN leachates induced significant toxicity on bacteria, bioluminescence inhibition ranging from 26 % to 56 %. Exposure of fish larvae to leachates of AA FNs disrupted their behavior. PBS-PBAT FN leachates caused the highest behavior stress indicator at day 12 (8.5), followed by PA6 at day 25 (8) and HPPE-PP at day 12 (7). We concluded that the toxicity of FN leachates was related more to the release of organic compounds than to the release of MPs. The toxicity of bio-based and biodegradable FNs should be further evaluated before their wider implementation in the fishing sector.

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