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Developmental toxicity of polystyrene microplastics and bisphenol A in black sea urchin Arbacia lixula by a multi-biomarker approach
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Researchers used a multi-biomarker approach to evaluate the developmental toxicity of polystyrene microplastics and bisphenol A, individually and combined, on the black sea urchin Arbacia lixula. The study assessed how these common marine pollutants affect early development in a sensitive marine invertebrate species.
Developmental toxicity of polystyrene microplastics and bisphenol A in black sea urchin Arbacia lixula by a multi-biomarker approach
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Developmental toxicity of polystyrene microplastics and bisphenol A in black sea urchin Arbacia lixula by a multi-biomarker approach
AI summary Read the abstract
Researchers assessed the developmental toxicity of polystyrene microplastics and bisphenol A on the black sea urchin Arbacia lixula using multiple biomarkers. The study examined how these pollutants, commonly found in marine environments, affect the early development stages of a sensitive invertebrate species used as an indicator of environmental contamination.
Embryotoxicity of polystyrene microplastics, alone and conjugated with bisphenol A, in the black sea urchin Arbacia lixula: A multi-biomarker approach
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Researchers tested the effects of polystyrene microplastics and the chemical bisphenol A, both alone and combined, on sea urchin embryo development. While bisphenol A caused severe skeletal abnormalities and developmental arrest, its toxicity was actually reduced when attached to microplastic surfaces rather than amplified. The study found no synergistic toxic effect between the two pollutants under acute exposure conditions, though both individually disrupted metabolic and oxidative stress pathways.
Cytogenetic and developmental toxicity of bisphenol A and bisphenol S in Arbacia lixula sea urchin embryos
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Both bisphenol A and bisphenol S caused dose-dependent embryotoxicity and developmental abnormalities in sea urchin (Arbacia lixula) embryos at concentrations starting from 1 micromolar, with BPS showing similar or greater toxicity than BPA in several endpoints. The findings challenge the assumption that BPS is a safer alternative to BPA for marine ecosystems.
Assessing the effect of microplastics on marine invertebrates: the consequence of exposure of sea urchin larvae to polystyrene microplastics
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Researchers exposed sea urchin larvae (Paracentrotus lividus) to polystyrene microplastics derived from commercial disposable plates and assessed effects on fertilization, embryogenesis, and larval development, finding significant impairment of early developmental stages at environmentally relevant concentrations.
Effects of Bisphenol-A and Styrene on Fertilization and Development of the Purple Sea Urchin (Strongylocentrotus purpuratus)
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This study tested the effects of bisphenol-A (BPA) and styrene — chemicals that leach from marine plastic debris — on the fertilization and early development of purple sea urchins, two common model marine invertebrates. The results document developmental toxicity at environmentally relevant concentrations, providing evidence that plastic-associated chemicals can harm marine organisms at the larval stage.
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