0
Article ? AI-assigned paper type based on the abstract. Classification may not be perfect — flag errors using the feedback button. Tier 2 ? Original research — experimental, observational, or case-control study. Direct primary evidence. Human Health Effects Policy & Risk Remediation Sign in to save

Effects of Microplastics on Nitrogen Removal Performance of Enriched Anammox Cultures

Water 2026 Score: 50 ? 0–100 AI score estimating relevance to the microplastics field. Papers below 30 are filtered from public browse.
Yanisa Khotchachain, Tharinee Saleepochn, Pongsak Noophan, Chi-Wang Li

Summary

Researchers tested whether polyethylene and polypropylene microplastics affect anammox, a key biological nitrogen removal process used in wastewater treatment. They found that the physical particles themselves did not significantly inhibit the process, but chemical compounds leaching from the plastics, particularly the plasticizer dibutyl phthalate, caused temporary inhibition. Systems using granular or attached biomass structures showed better resilience to these chemical effects than suspended growth systems.

Study Type Environmental

Microplastics (MPs) and their chemical leachates are increasingly detected in landfill leachate, raising concerns about impacts on biological nitrogen removal. This study examined the effects of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and polypropylene (PP) MPs on anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) performance using suspended, attached, and granular biomass. The results showed that exposure to LDPE and PP MPs did not significantly inhibit specific anammox activity (SAA) across all anammox biomass types. However, the leachates of LDPE and PP MPs under relevant EU migration testing guidelines could cause transient inhibition. Non-targeted GC-MS analysis identified 31 and 37 leachable compounds from LDPE and PP, including the toxic plasticizer dibutyl phthalate (DBP). DBP caused concentration-dependent but transient inhibition of nitrogen removal in granular biomass, peaking at 29.4% after 5 h at 100 mg/L, with full recovery within 24 h. Higher DBP retention was observed in granular and attached growth biomass compared to suspended growth biomass. Crucially, complex biomass structures buffer these effects, emphasizing the need to assess both physical and chemical MP aspects in wastewater systems. Consequently, attached growth and granular systems are recommended over suspended growth configurations for leachate treatment, owing to their superior resilience to toxic shock and enhanced retention capabilities.

Sign in to start a discussion.

More Papers Like This

Article Tier 2

Impacts of Microplastics on Anammox Systems: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Influences

This review examines how microplastics affect anammox wastewater treatment systems, which are used for biological nitrogen removal. The study found that low concentrations of microplastics can actually enhance system performance by acting as biofilm carriers, while high concentrations inhibit the process through physical clogging, toxic effects, and oxidative stress.

Article Tier 2

A review of microplastics on anammox: Influences and mechanisms

This review summarizes how microplastics affect anammox, a key biological process used in wastewater treatment to remove nitrogen. Microplastics disrupt the microbial communities that perform this process, reducing treatment efficiency depending on plastic concentration, size, and type. Since wastewater treatment is a critical barrier preventing pollutants from reaching drinking water sources, any reduction in treatment performance could increase human exposure to contaminants.

Article Tier 2

Insight into response characteristics and inhibition mechanisms of anammox granular sludge to polyethylene terephthalate microplastics exposure

This study tested how PET microplastics affect the anammox process, a key biological method used in wastewater treatment to remove nitrogen. At higher concentrations, PET particles reduced treatment efficiency by about 16% and weakened the structure of the bacterial granules that perform the process. The findings matter because microplastics in sewage could impair the very systems designed to clean our wastewater.

Article Tier 2

Deciphering anammox response characteristics and potential mechanisms to polyethylene terephthalate microplastic exposure

This study tested how PET microplastics affect the bacteria used in wastewater treatment for removing nitrogen pollutants. Long-term exposure to high concentrations of PET microplastics reduced the nitrogen removal efficiency by nearly 29%, though the system partially recovered over three months. The findings matter because compromised wastewater treatment means more pollutants could end up in waterways that supply drinking water.

Article Tier 2

Inhibition of anammox activity by municipal and industrial wastewater pollutants: A review

This review compiles research on how various wastewater pollutants, including microplastics and emerging contaminants, inhibit anammox bacteria used for nitrogen removal in water treatment. Researchers found that pollutant type, concentration, and exposure duration all influence the degree of inhibition, potentially reducing treatment efficiency. The study highlights the importance of understanding pollutant interactions with biological treatment processes as new contaminants continue to appear in wastewater.

Share this paper