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Cell Response to Nanoplastics and Their Carrier Effects Tracked Real-Timely with Machine Learning-Driven Smart Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Slides
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Researchers developed a novel smart sensor slide that can track in real time how living cells respond to nanoplastic exposure at the molecular level. Using specially designed core-shell plastic nanoparticles with embedded tracking signals, they could monitor each stage from initial cell contact through absorption and eventual cell damage. The technology offers a powerful new tool for studying how nanoplastics interact with human cells and carry other pollutants into the body.
Research on nanoplastic (NP) toxicity and their "carrier effects" on human health remains nascent, especially for real-time, in situ monitoring of metabolic reactions in live cells. Herein, we developed smart surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) slides using a cyclic centrifugation-enhanced electrostatic loading (CCEL) method to facilitatively track live-cell metabolic signals. The designed core-shell polystyrene NPs (mPS) with embedded Raman probes successfully identified intracellular accumulation via a distinct Raman-silent peak. The smart SERS slide effectively monitored the metabolic changes induced by mPS at the molecular level, distinguishing different stages of membrane interaction, the endocytosis process, endosomal aggregation, and cell apoptosis. Besides, this platform was employed to perform a real-time, in situ comparison of cell cycle alterations induced by bare NPs and their "carrier effects", revealing that NPs extended both the S and G2 phases in BEAS-2B cells, while the "carrier effects" further prolonged G2 and disrupted S-phase progression. Additionally, we integrated machine learning algorithms to accurately predict the cell cycle impacts associated with mPS and their "carrier effects". This study provides a label-free, in situ, real-time method for monitoring NP-induced metabolic changes in live cells, laying the groundwork for further investigation into cytotoxic behaviors and strategies to mitigate NP toxicity.
More Papers Like This
Cell Responseto Nanoplastics and Their Carrier EffectsTracked Real-Timely with Machine Learning-Driven Smart Surface-EnhancedRaman Spectroscopy Slides
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Researchers developed smart SERS slides to monitor in real-time how cells respond to polystyrene nanoplastics and their ability to carry contaminants (the 'carrier effect'). The platform captured intracellular metabolic changes at the molecular level, showing nanoplastics extended cell cycle S and G2 phases in lung cells and that carried pollutants caused additional distinct cellular effects.
Machine Learning-Aided 3D Dynamic SERS Strategy for Physiological Mapping: Biotoxicity of Environmentally Dimensional Aged Nanoplastics and Corresponding Protein Corona Complexes
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Researchers used a new combination of 3D surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and machine learning to study the toxicity of nanoplastics on cells. They found that aged nanoplastics and those coated with proteins from the environment caused different types of cell damage depending on the plastic type. This approach could help scientists more rapidly assess the biological hazards of nanoplastics found in the environment.
Machine Learning-Assisted “Shrink-Restricted” SERS Strategy for Classification of Environmental Nanoplastic-Induced Cell Death
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Researchers developed a machine learning-assisted technique using surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy to track how nanoplastics from environmental sources affect human cells. They found that environmentally derived nanoplastics were more toxic than pristine laboratory versions, largely because pollutants adsorbed onto their surfaces amplified the harmful effects. The study reveals that the real-world "carrier effect" of nanoplastics, where they transport other pollutants into cells, may pose a greater health risk than the plastic particles alone.
Raman-spektroskopische Charakterisierung von Zellen und Gewebe nach Exposition mit Nanoplastik
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Researchers exposed human monocytic THP-1 cells, trophoblasts, and placenta cells to primary and secondary nanoplastic particles at 100 particles/cell in sizes of 200 nm and 60 nm, then used confocal laser scanning microscopy and Raman microspectroscopy to locate and characterize intracellular nanoplastics.
Label-free stimulated Raman scattering imaging of intracellular microplastics in mammalian cells
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Researchers used label-free stimulated Raman scattering imaging to visualize microplastic uptake and distribution inside mammalian cells without fluorescent labels, finding that intracellular microplastics were associated with elevated reactive oxygen species, reduced cell viability, and altered lipid metabolism.
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