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Lactiplantibacillus plantarum as a Biosafe Microbial Bridge in the Gut–Environment Continuum
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This review summarizes existing research on a bacterium called Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, which has been studied for roles in soil and water cleanup, agriculture, and fermented foods. Some strains were reported to bind metals like lead and cadmium and to affect microplastic-related toxicity, though the authors note these effects vary by strain and need more testing before real-world use.
Sustainable microbial technologies require agents that combine biosafety with multifunctionality across human, animal, plant, and environmental systems. This narrative review provides a comparative analysis of the biosafety profiles and functional capabilities of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and selected microbial agents used in green technologies, including Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Azospirillum, and Rhizobium. Particular attention is given to the versatility of selected Lpb. plantarum strains and their applications in soil and water remediation, agriculture, and fermented food systems. Recent studies indicate that certain Lpb. plantarum strains contribute to the biosorption and detoxification of metals such as Pb, Cd, Cu, and Mn, while also supporting gut microbiota modulation, immune regulation, plant growth promotion, phytopathogen suppression, and mitigation of microplastic-associated toxicity. These observations build upon the previously proposed concept of a "One Health probiotic," defined as a probiotic microorganism with beneficial or neutral effects across human, animal, plant, and environmental domains, toward the "gut-environment continuum" framework describing how microbial functions may operate across interconnected soil-plant-animal-human systems. Although available evidence highlights the potential of selected Lpb. plantarum strains as microbial resources with favorable biosafety profiles, many reported functions remain strain-dependent and require further validation under field conditions. By integrating findings from environmental microbiology, sustainable agriculture, and probiotic research, this review discusses both the opportunities and limitations of applying Lpb. plantarum within One Health-oriented green technologies and sustainable pollution management. Rather than proposing Lpb. plantarum as a universally applicable solution, the review presents selected strains as informative models for evaluating how microorganisms with well-established biosafety records may complement established microbial candidates in environmental biotechnology. More broadly, this review highlights that biosafety should be considered alongside functional performance during early selection of microbial candidates for One Health-oriented environmental and agricultural applications, while recognizing that all candidate microorganisms require ecological and biosafety assessment prior to environmental deployment.
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Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PD01 from high excretion donor functions as a natural defense against microplastic toxicity
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In 138 people, the amount of microplastic found in stool varied with the abundance of the gut bacterium Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Researchers isolated strain PD01 and gave it to mice on a mixed microplastic diet. Treated mice had 50 to 91% less of four plastics remaining in the intestinal tract, depending on the polymer.
Lactobacillus plantarum reduces polystyrene microplastic induced toxicity via multiple pathways: A potentially effective and safe dietary strategy to counteract microplastic harm
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Mice exposed to polystyrene microplastics were given Lactobacillus plantarum strains that differed in antioxidant activity and in how well they bind the particles. Mice given strong binders had less polystyrene in the body and more in feces. A weakly binding strain also lowered toxicity, apparently through the intestinal barrier and bile acid metabolism.
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum F57 mitigates waterborne polypropylene microplastic-induced liver injury via gut microbiota modulation in zebrafish
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Zebrafish exposed to 50 micrometer polypropylene microplastics in water developed liver inflammation and oxidative stress. Among the Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains tested, F57 was associated with the least liver injury and with a more diverse gut microbiota. Antioxidant capacity tracked with the result more closely than the strains' ability to bind the particles.
Lactic acid bacteria as promising dietary-derived bioadsorbents for foodborne contaminants: Mechanism, application advances and future perspectives
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This review examined lactic acid bacteria as potential bioadsorbents for foodborne contaminants including mycotoxins and microplastics. Researchers found that these beneficial bacteria can bind and sequester various pollutants through cell surface interactions, suggesting that dietary lactic acid bacteria may offer a safe, cost-effective approach to reducing human exposure to contaminants in the food chain.
Lactic acid bacteria reduce polystyrene micro- and nanoplastics-induced toxicity through their bio-binding capacity and gut environment repair ability
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Mice exposed to micro- and nanoplastics were given lactic acid bacteria that differed in how strongly they bind the particles in lab tests. Stronger binders reduced toxicity more. One weak binder, Lactobacillus plantarum DT22, still lowered toxicity, by raising tight junction proteins and shifting the gut microbiota.
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