Microplastics in Tunisian Aquatic Ecosystems

Microplastic (MP) pollution has become a prevalent issue in aquatic environments. These particles may adversely affect aquatic organisms due to their small size and unique morphology. An additional concern is their ability to be a vector of inorganic and organic pollutants that might subsequently leach into marine and freshwater systems, thus having serious impacts on the environment and health of living organisms, including humans. The present chapter aims to gather and analyze scientific articles that investigated MPs in Tunisian aquatic ecosystems in order to have an overview of the current knowledge on MP pollution in Tunisia. First, the occurrence of MPs in water, sediments, and aquatic organisms in terms of abundance was investigated. Second, an attempt is made to identify the probable sources of MPs in Tunisian aquatic ecosystems based on the physicochemical properties of MPs (shapes, colors, and polymer types) and the land-use types. Third, the occurrence of organic pollutants adsorbed on MPs and the factors that influence the adsorption are discussed. Fourth, the potential risks posed by MPs alone and associated with organic pollutants on aquatic organisms health are assessed. Finally, knowledge gaps in MPs research in Tunisian aquatic ecosystems are made along with recommendations for future research priorities.