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Microplastics as an Emerging Source of Particulate Air Pollution

2025 3 citations ? Citation count from OpenAlex, updated daily. May differ slightly from the publisher's own count.
Nimish Shah, Mamta Saiyad, Ankur Dwivedi, Shibu G. Pillai, Milind Joshipura

Summary

This review examines the growing body of research on airborne microplastics as a source of particulate air pollution, covering their sources, transport mechanisms, and presence in both indoor and outdoor environments. Researchers highlight that airborne microplastics can travel long distances and have been found in remote locations far from population centers. The study underscores significant gaps in our understanding of how inhaling these tiny plastic particles may affect human health.

The accumulation of plastic litter poses a significant threat to the environment, with microplastics (MPs) pollution emerging as a global challenge attributed to the excessive use of plastic products and the haphazard disposal of plastic waste. While initial research on MPs primarily focused on aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, recent studies have expanded their scope to include investigations into airborne microplastics. This shift in focus has uncovered concerns about their impact on urban air quality and their potential transportation to pristine habitats. Despite growing awareness, the full extent and significance of the impacts of airborne particulate matter (PM) microplastics on human health remain inadequately understood. Furthermore, the influence of airborne MPs on both indoor and outdoor air quality remains a topic of uncertainty. This review aims to shed light on the potential human health impacts of airborne PM-microplastics, particularly emphasizing the occupational safety of industry workers, their potential effects on the Air Quality Index (AQI), as well as their likelihood of exposure and accumulation in various habitats, including the canopy/arboreal, above-canopy, and atmospheric (aerial) environments. As we delve into the subject, it becomes evident that there are significant data limitations and knowledge gaps regarding the atmospheric transport and the contribution of particulate plastics to the deterioration of overall urban air quality. This review seeks to underscore these limitations and gaps in our understanding, prompting critical reflections on whether atmospheric MP pollution should be considered a trivial concern or a pressing matter deserving serious attention. In conclusion, the review underscores the urgent need for comprehensive research to bridge the existing knowledge gaps, providing a clearer picture of the impact of airborne microplastics on human health, occupational safety, and overall urban air quality. Only through a more thorough understanding of these complexities can effective strategies be developed to mitigate the adverse effects of atmospheric MP pollution.

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