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Microplastics as an emerging source of particulate air pollution: A critical review

Journal of Hazardous Materials 2021 390 citations

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This review examines airborne microplastics as a form of particulate air pollution, highlighting risks especially for factory workers who handle plastics. Microplastics have been detected in both indoor and outdoor air, where they can be inhaled deep into the lungs. The authors note significant gaps in understanding how airborne microplastics affect air quality and human respiratory health, and call for better monitoring and occupational safety standards.

Accumulation of plastic litter exerts pressure on the environment. Microplastics (MPs) pollution has become a universal challenge due to the overexploitation of plastic products and unsystematic dumping of plastic waste. Initial studies on MPs and their implications had been confined to aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, but recent research has also focused on MPs in the air. Their impacts on urban air quality and atmospheric transport to pristine habitats have emerged to be a serious concern. However, the extent and the significance of impacts of airborne particulate matter (PM) MPs on human health are not clearly understood. Further, the influence of airborne MPs on indoor and outdoor air quality remains unknown. We highlight the human health impacts of airborne PM-MPs with a special focus on the occupational safety of the industry workers, their possible influence on Air Quality Index (AQI), their potential exposure, and accumulation in the canopy/arboreal, above-canopy and atmospheric (aerial) habitats. The present review emphasizes the data limitations and knowledge gaps on the atmospheric transport and contribution of particulate plastics to the worsening of overall urban air quality and throws critical perspectives on whether atmospheric MPs pollution is trivial or an actual matter of concern.

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