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Plastic waste management and environmental pollution a comprehensive environmental study
Summary
This review paper pulls together existing research to show how the plastic we throw away — especially when it's burned or dumped instead of recycled — breaks down into toxic chemicals and tiny microplastic particles that can end up in our soil, water, and food. Since plastic can stick around in the environment for hundreds of years, these pollutants keep building up in the food chain, which means they can eventually make their way into our bodies too. The paper argues that better recycling and smarter waste management policies are key to reducing this long-term health risk.
Plastic waste has become one of the most serious environmental challenges of the modern world. Rapid industrialization, urbanization, population growth, and increasing use of plastic products have significantly increased plastic waste generation across the globe. Plastics are widely used because they are lightweight, durable, inexpensive, and versatile. However, improper disposal and excessive consumption of plastics have caused severe environmental pollution affecting land, water, air, wildlife, and human health.Plastic waste remains in the environment for hundreds of years because most plastics are non-biodegradable. Open dumping, burning of plastics, and disposal into rivers and oceans release toxic substances and microplastics into the ecosystem. These pollutants contaminate soil, groundwater, marine life, and the food chain. The present article discusses the concept of plastic waste management, sources and types of plastic waste, environmental impacts, health hazards, recycling techniques, government policies, and sustainable solutions to reduce plastic pollution.